gastrointestinal

Question 1

gastric dilation and volvulus

Answer 1

stomach becomes dilated with gas and twists along its axis, and the pyloric and oesophageal spincter twists/rotates preventing the gas escaping. the dilation causes compression of the vessels, decreasing venous return to the heart. compromises blood supply to organs which can cause tissue necrosis.

Question 2

pre op for GDV

Answer 2

patient requires stabilisation: blood tests for potassium levels, large bore catheters into both cephalic veins and shock rate fluids administered, orogastric tube to decompress stomach, if the tube does not pass large bore iv catheters should be placed on either side of stomach. radiographs in right lateral recumbency. antibiotic and pain releif as directed by vet.

Question 3

prep for GDV

Answer 3

clip from xiphiod process to pubis with a wide margin

Question 4

positioning for GDV

Answer 4

dorsal recumbency with head and chest raised to reduce pressure on diaphragm.

Question 5

instruments and materials for GDV

Answer 5

general kit, abdominal retractors, suction apparatus, orogastric tube, laparotomy sponges, dowens bowel clamps, sterile saline, 4 quarter drapes.

Question 6

post op for GDV

Answer 6

carefully monitored for first 24 hours. patient handled minimally. IVFT at maintenance.