Gastrointestinal Infections Flashcards
(7 cards)
Difference between an infection and intoxication
Infection has slow onset of symptoms, intoxication has quick onset of symptoms
Bacterial food poisoning
Type, pathogen, virulence, symptoms, treatment
Intoxication - onset in 1-6hrs
Pathogen: S.aureus (Gram+)
Virulence: 5 enterotoxins
Symptoms: nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea
Treatment: fluid/electrolyte replacement by rehydration therapy
Salmonella
Type, pathogen, virulence, symptoms, prevention, mechanism
Infection - incubation for 12-36hrs
Pathogen: Salmonella enteriditis/typhimurium (Gram- facultative anaerobe bacilli)
Virulence: enterotoxins
Symptoms: fever, nausea, diarrhoea
Prevention: hygiene, segregation of raw and cooked meat
Salmonella endocytosis into epithelial cells in small intestine, multiplies, destroys cell and enters bloodstream.
Bacterial Gastroenteritis - Campylobacter diarrhoea
Type, pathogen, virulence, symptoms
Infection
Pathogen: Campylobacter jejuni (Gram-)
Virulence: adhesins, endotoxins, cytotoxins
Symptoms: diarrhoea, vomiting, fever. Most cases resolve without treatment
Cryptosporidiosis
Type, pathogen, transmission, symptoms, treatment
Infection - parasite
Pathogen: Cryptosporidium parvum
Transmission: drinking contaminated water
Symptoms: watery diarrhoea
Treatment: fluid/electrolyte treatment
Tapeworm
Pathogen (pork/beef), symptoms, diagnosis, treatment
Pathogen: Taenia (saginata - beef, solium- pork)
Symptoms: usually asymptomatic, but can cause nausea and weight loss
Diagnosis: proglottids in faecal sample
Treatment: niclosamide, praziquantel
Cholera
Pathogen, where it grows, virulence, what it does, symptoms, treatment
Pathogen: Vibrio cholerae (Gram-) grows in small intestine
Virulence: enterotoxin
Secretion of chlorides, bicarbonates and water (20litres per day)
Symptoms: diarrhoea (rice water stools), dehydration, shock, death
Treatment: tetracycline or rehydration therapy
