Gastrointestinal system Flashcards
(40 cards)
What is ingestion
Taking of food into the body
What is digestion
mechanical and chemical breakdown of food
What is peristalsis
Propulsion of food along the GI tract
What is absorption
Movement of nutrients and other substances along the GI tract into blood circulation
What is the pathway of the GI system
- mouth
- esophagus
- Stomach
- Small intestine
- large intestine
- anus
WASTE removed
What are some accessory organs in the GI system
Tongue, salivary glands, pancreas, liver, gallbladder
What stimulates acid production in the GI system
Gastrin, ach and histamine
What is a proton pump
Secretes hydrogen ions, which combine with Chloride ions in the gastric lumen to form gastric acid
what is the lining primarily protected by
mucous secretions- mucosal lining
What are conditions that are related to the GI system
- GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disorder)
- Ulcers
- H. pylori
- IBD
- Diarrhea
- Constipation
- Emesis
- Gallstones
What is GERD
Gastroesophageal reflux (acid reflux) or a motility disorder associated with impaired peristalsis which results in a the failure to prevent the backflow of acidic stomach contents and digestive enzymes
What may increase if left untreated
Development of Asthma (irate lining of the throat)
What contributes to GERD
Food, lifestyle, body position, pregnancy, obesity, drugs
What foods contribute to GERD
citrus fruits, chocolate, caffeinated beverages, fried and fatty foods, mint flavoring, spicy food, tomato based foods, garlic and onions
How does Lifestyle contribute to GERD
Alcohol consumption and cigarette smoking
How does Body position contribute to GERD
Symptoms worsen in a prone position
What are Ulcers
Open wound or sore
What is a gastric Ulcer
Ulcer located in the stomach
What is a duodenal Ulcer
An ulcer located in the upper region of the small intestine
What is a peptic ulcer
ulcer that is located in either the stomach or the duodenum
What is the most common type of ulcer
Peptic Ulcer
what are causes of Ulcers
anything that interferes with the lining of the GI tract.
ie. Long term NSAID use, hyperacidity, genetic predisposition, decreased production of mucous, stress, alcohol, smoking, H. pylori
What are the four types of antacids
- Aluminum hydroxide
- Magnesium Salts
- Calcium Carbonate
- Sodium Bicarbonate
What do Antacids do?
Decrease the absorption of fluoroquinolones and tetracycline antibiotics, digoxin, iron, levothyroxine
