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H Anatomy > Gastrointestinal System > Flashcards

Gastrointestinal System Flashcards

1
Q

The digestive system is formed of

A
  1. The gastro-intestinal tract (GIT) or the alimentary tract
  2. The accessory organs(digestive glands).
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2
Q

The Gastrointestinal tract (GIT) how much meter long?
Where does it start and end?

A

8-10 meters long, starting by the mouth and ending in the anus

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3
Q

The Gastrointestinal tract (GIT) consists of?

A
  1. Oral cavity
  2. Pharynx
  3. Esophagus
  4. Stomach
  5. Small intestine
  6. Large intestine
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4
Q

The accessory (digestive) glands consists of

A

liver, pancreas and salivary glands

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5
Q

The oral cavity is subdivided into

A

Vestibule
Oral cavity proper

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6
Q

Vestibule is the space between what and what?

A

It is the space, between the cheeks & lips externally and
the teeth internally

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7
Q

Vestibule is opposite to?

A

Opposite the upper 2nd molar tooth marks the opening of the duct of the parotid gland.

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8
Q

Oral cavity proper occupied by?

A

Occupied by the tongue

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9
Q

It is a mass of striated muscle covered with mucous membrane

A

Tongue

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10
Q

Length of the tongue?

A

3 inches

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11
Q

Tongue It is divided into right and left halves by?

A

a medline groove

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12
Q

Tongue has 3 parts?

A
  1. Anterior 2/3 lies in mouth (oral part)
  2. Posterior 1/3 lies in Pharynx ( pharyngeal part)
  3. Root (base)
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13
Q

Tongue have 3 diff shape

A

has root, body & tip or apex

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14
Q

Tongue has 2 surfaces

A

dorsal & ventral

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15
Q

pharynx structure?

A

The pharynx is Irregular fibromuscular tube

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16
Q

pharynx extends from the?

A

Base of the skull

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17
Q

pharynx ends at the level of the

A

sixth cervical

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18
Q

Pharynx shape and length?

A

funnel in shape and 15 cm long

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19
Q

Parts of the pharynx

A
  1. Nasopharynx: behind nasal cavity
  2. Oropharynx: behind the oral cavity
  3. Laryngopharynx: behind the larynx
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20
Q

Adenoid hypertrophy symptoms?

A

Mouth breathing
Snoring

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21
Q

Adenoide enlargement closes what and blocks what?

A

Nasopharyngeal
Eustachian tube and air passage

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22
Q

Describe esphagus shape and length?

A

is a tubular structureabout 25 cm long.

23
Q

Esophagus begins as?

A

begins as the continuationof the pharynx at the level of the 6th cervical vertebra

24
Q

What pierces the diaphragm ?

A

Esophagus

25
Q

Esophagus pierces the diaphragm at which level?joining what?

A

at the level of the 10th thoracic vertebra

26
Q

Openings of thestomach

A

Cardiac opening
Pyloric opening

27
Q

Cardiac opening at junction with

A

the esophagus

28
Q

Pyloric opening at the junction with

A

the duodenum.

29
Q

Parts of the stomach

A

Fundus
Body
Pyloric part

30
Q

Describe Fundus shape location and function

A

Dome-shaped
Located to the left of the cardiac orifice
Usually full of gas

31
Q

Extends from the level of the fundus to the level of angular notch

A

Body of the stomch

32
Q

Extends from angular notch to the pyloric opening

A

Pyloric part

33
Q

Describe the structure and the length of the small intestine?

A

is the longest and mostly coiled part of the gastrointestinal tract, about 6 meters in length

34
Q

Small intestine starts from?and terminates in?

A

the end of the pyloric end of the stomach and terminates at the caecum of the large intestine (ileocecal junction)

35
Q

The small intestine is divided into three parts

A
  1. Duodenum
  2. Jejunum: 2/5 of the small intestinal length
  3. Ileum: 3/5 of the small intestinal length.
36
Q

Duodenum length?

A

25 cm
Like esop

37
Q

What is the longest part in tye small intestine?

A

Ileum

38
Q

Recurrent oritis media in the

A

Eustachian tube

39
Q

Mouth breating occurs in adenoid hypertrophy because of

A

Nasal obstruction

40
Q

Large Intestine begins and end at? 

A

ileocaecal valve in the right iliac fossa and ends at the anal orifice

41
Q

Large intestine length

A

1.5 m

42
Q

Parts of the large intestine?

A
  1. Cecum
  2. Appendix
  3. Ascending colon
  4. Transverse colon
  5. Descending colon
  6. Sigmoid (pelvic) colon
  7. Rectum
  8. Anal canal
43
Q

Rectum length?

A

10-12cm long

44
Q

Anal canal length ?

A

4 cm

45
Q

Appendix length?

A

8-12cm

46
Q

Right colic (hepatic) flexure

A

between ascending colon & transverse colon

47
Q

Left colic (splenic) flexure

A

between transverse& descending colon

48
Q

Left colic (splenic) flexure is attached to

A

Spleen

49
Q

Right colic (hepatic) flexure is attached to

A

The liver

50
Q

Teniae coli is

A

3 longitudinal muscle bands

51
Q

What causes puckering?

A

teniae coli are shorter than
large intestine causing
puckering of itswall

52
Q

The puckering that is caused be teniae coli is called

A

Sacculations (haustrations)

53
Q

short peritoneal fold filled with fat

A

Appendices epiploicae

H Anatomy (12 decks)

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