GCSE biology enzymes Flashcards
(22 cards)
What are enzymes?
Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions in living organisms.
True or False: Enzymes are consumed in the reactions they catalyze.
False
What is the active site of an enzyme?
The active site is the region on the enzyme where the substrate binds.
Fill in the blank: Enzymes are __________ proteins.
catalytic
What is a substrate?
A substrate is the reactant molecule that an enzyme acts upon.
What is denaturation?
Denaturation is the process where an enzyme loses its shape and functionality due to extreme conditions.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following factors can affect enzyme activity? A) pH B) Temperature C) Substrate concentration D) All of the above
D) All of the above
What is the optimum pH for most human enzymes?
The optimum pH for most human enzymes is around 7.4.
True or False: Enzymes can work on multiple different substrates.
False
Fill in the blank: Enzymes lower the __________ energy of a reaction.
activation
What happens to enzyme activity when substrate concentration increases?
Enzyme activity typically increases with substrate concentration until it reaches a saturation point.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT an enzyme? A) Amylase B) Lipase C) Glucose D) Protease
C) Glucose
What is the function of digestive enzymes?
Digestive enzymes break down food into smaller molecules that can be absorbed by the body.
True or False: Enzymes can function in a wide range of temperatures and pH levels.
False
What is enzyme inhibition?
Enzyme inhibition is the process where an inhibitor molecule decreases enzyme activity.
Fill in the blank: Competitive inhibitors bind to the __________ site of the enzyme.
active
What is the end product of the enzyme catalase?
The end products of catalase are oxygen and water.
Multiple Choice: Which enzyme is responsible for breaking down proteins? A) Amylase B) Protease C) Lipase D) Lactase
B) Protease
What are lock and key models in relation to enzymes?
The lock and key model describes how a specific substrate fits perfectly into the enzyme’s active site.
True or False: Enzymes are only found in living organisms.
True
Fill in the blank: Enzymes are usually named after their __________.
substrates
What is the primary function of amylase?
The primary function of amylase is to break down starch into sugars.
