GE107

Question 1

Assumptions of ethics

Answer 1

Man is a rational being
Man as free

Question 2

Are said to be the formal objects of ethics because they have moral value

Answer 2

Human acts

Question 3

Classification of human acts

Answer 3

Moral acts and immoral acts

Question 4

It controls or influences the internal and external actions of man

Answer 4

Human will

Question 5

A set of standards derived from how you behave, following a particular philosophy, and it can derived from a standard that a person believes should be universal.

Answer 5

Moral standard

Question 6

These are the kinds of actions we believe are morally right and wrong

Answer 6

Norms

Question 7

These are the judgements, in terms of bad, we put on objects

Answer 7

Values

Question 8

Standards about behavior or practices with no serious or immediate effects upon human well-being

Answer 8

Non moral standards

Question 9

It is a conflict in which a moral agent have to choose between two or more actions and have moral reasons for choosing each action

Answer 9

Moral dilemma

Question 10

Occurs in a situation in which individuals could do better if they either changed their strategies or changed the rules being practiced

Answer 10

Individual dilemma

Question 11

It Is all about on how to reconcile inconsistency between individual needs and aspirations on hand and the collective purpose of the organization on the other.

Answer 11

Organizational Dilemma

Question 12

An authoritative standard

Answer 12

Norms

Question 13

An idea of how man thinks reality is “real”

Answer 13

Beliefs

Question 14

An assertion or conviction of how one believes that things are the way they are

Answer 14

Beliefs

Question 15

An information and understanding about a subject which person has, or which all people have

Answer 15

Knowledge

Question 16

Standards of behavior that are socially approved but not morally significant

Answer 16

Folkways

Question 17

Strict norms that control moral and ethical behavior

Answer 17

Mores

Question 18

Strict set of guidelines drafted and enacted by people who were given power

Answer 18

Laws

Question 19

Systems of ideas which attempts to explain reality

Answer 19

Ideology

Question 20

Philosophical position that all points of view are equally valid, and that all truth is relative to the individual

Answer 20

Relativism

Question 21

The view that there are no ethical standards that are absolutely true and that apply or should be applied to the companies and people of all societies

Answer 21

Cultural relativism

Question 22

Something is right for the people of companies in one particular society if it accords with their moral standards, and wrong if it violates their moral standards

Answer 22

Cultural relativism

Question 23

Formed by implied behavioural standards that are necessary to live in a harmonious and peaceful society

Answer 23

Universal Values

Question 24

Values that a great many human beings in the vast majority of places and situations, at almost all times, do in fact hold in common, whether consciously and explicitly or expressed in their behaviour.

Answer 24

Universal Values

Question 25

A normative ethical theory that places the focus of right and wrong solely on the outcomes of choosing one actions over other actions

Answer 25

Utilitarianism

Question 26

A moral theory that focuses on the result, or consequences of our actions and treat intentions as irrelevant

Answer 26

Utilitarianism

Question 27

The capacity for consciously making sense of things, applying logic, establishing and verifying facts, and changing or justifying practices institutions, and beliefs based on new or existing information

Answer 27

Reason

Question 28

A principle of justice holding that decisions should be based on objective criteria, rather than on the basis of bias, prejudice, or preferring the benefit to one person over another for improper reasons

Answer 28

Impartiality

Question 29

A process of thinking that uses ideas, memories, emotions, and sensory input

Answer 29

Reason

Question 30

It guides a person's actions and behaviour

Answer 30

Will

Question 31

The perception of moral and social situations, including the ability to consider possible actions and their repercussions in terms of the people involved

Answer 31

Ethical Sensitivity

Question 32

The consideration of possible alternative actions and the rationale for selecting one or more as best

Answer 32

Ethical Judgement

Question 33

The selection of moral values most relevant in the situation and the commitment to act on that selection

Answer 33

Ethical Motivation

Question 34

The ego strength combined with the psychological and social skills necessary to carry out the selected alternative

Answer 34

Ethical action

Question 35

At this level , we do not have a personal code of morality

Answer 35

Level 1- pre conventional Morality

Question 36

Refers to the emotional experiences that individuals have in response to different situations and stimuli

Answer 36

Nature of feeling

Question 37

It can influence an individual's moral judgement, motivation, and actions

Answer 37

Feelings

Question 38

Refers to the subjective experience of emotions, including their intensity, duration, and qualitative character

Answer 38

The phenomenology of feelings

Question 39

A branch of philosophy that deals with nature, origins, and evaluation of values

Answer 39

Philosophy

Question 40

A philosophical framework that seeks to classify different types of values in order of their importance of worth

Answer 40

Hierarchy of values

Question 41

refer to the principles or standards of behavior that guide individuals and communities in making ethical and moral decisions.

Answer 41

Moral values

Question 42

refers to the process by which individuals evaluate the rightness or wrongness of a particular action or behavior based on their moral beliefs and values.

Answer 42

Moral judgment

Question 43

Involves the idea that each individual's interest and point of view is equally important.

Answer 43

Impartiality

Question 44

it is the moving of one self and taking concrete means in view of the goal or end which is not yet but which somehow ought to be.

Answer 44

Action

Question 45

Morality requires man to act to realize what he must be and what his very being ought to be.

Answer 45

Freedom

Question 46

Action can be judge as good or bad right or wrong, which can be classified as the norms of morality, which refers to some ideal of man, an ideal stage of perfection of man, which serves as the ultimate goal and norm.

Answer 46

Judgement

Question 47

The law of universality: “Act only on that maxim through which you can at the same time will that it should become a universal law, that is: Action is moral in so far as one can say that any man in one’s place should act in the same way.

Answer 47

Universality

Question 48

The state of being bound or required to do or not to do, a categorical imperative. In this sense, the good is universally binding and obligatory on man so that his being is an “ought-to-be” and an “ought to act” in view of his very being. That is the “good”.

Answer 48

Obligation