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[GEM] Operating System Fundamentals Review Flashcards

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1
Q

What is Windows?

A

A proprietary operating system developed by Microsoft, known for its GUI, software compatibility, and hardware support.

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2
Q

What is the primary interface of Windows called?

A

Graphical User Interface (GUI)

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3
Q

Name three key features of Windows.

A
  • Graphical User Interface (GUI)
  • Extensive Software Compatibility
  • Broad Hardware Support
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4
Q

What is File Explorer in Windows?

A

The built-in file manager that allows users to organize, navigate, and manage files and folders.

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5
Q

What does the Taskbar provide in Windows?

A

Quick access to running applications, frequently used programs, and system settings.

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6
Q

What is Windows Security?

A

An integrated security solution that provides antivirus and anti-malware protection.

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7
Q

What is User Account Control (UAC)?

A

A security feature that prompts users for permission when administrative-level actions are required.

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8
Q

What is the purpose of System Restore in Windows?

A

To revert the system to a previous working state in case of instability or errors.

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9
Q

True or False: PowerShell is a command-line interface more powerful than Command Prompt.

A

True

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10
Q

What is the Task Manager used for?

A

To provide real-time information about system performance, including CPU, memory, and disk usage.

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11
Q

What does the Event Viewer log?

A

System events, including application errors, security events, and system warnings.

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12
Q

What tool in Windows allows you to manage hardware devices?

A

Device Manager

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13
Q

Fill in the blank: The tool used to manage storage devices in Windows is called _______.

A

Disk Management

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14
Q

What does BSOD stand for?

A

Blue Screen of Death

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15
Q

What is macOS?

A

A proprietary graphical operating system developed by Apple Inc., built on a Unix-based foundation.

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16
Q

Name two key features of macOS.

A
  • Graphical User Interface (GUI)
  • Integration with Apple Ecosystem
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17
Q

What is the function of Finder in macOS?

A

To manage files, folders, and applications.

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18
Q

What is Spotlight in macOS?

A

A powerful search tool for quickly finding files, applications, and performing web searches.

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19
Q

What is Time Machine?

A

Apple’s backup utility that automatically backs up the entire system to an external drive.

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20
Q

What does the Dock do in macOS?

A

Provides quick access to frequently used applications and currently running programs.

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21
Q

What is Activity Monitor used for in macOS?

A

To display real-time information about system performance, including CPU and memory usage.

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22
Q

What is the Terminal in macOS?

A

A command-line interface for advanced users to interact with the operating system.

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23
Q

Fill in the blank: The utility used to manage storage devices in macOS is called _______.

A

Disk Utility

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24
Q

What is Linux?

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A

A family of open-source Unix-like operating systems based on the Linux kernel.

25
What is a key feature of Linux that distinguishes it from other operating systems?
Open Source
26
Name three distributions of Linux.
* Ubuntu * Fedora * CentOS
27
What is the Command Line Interface (CLI) in Linux?
A fundamental way to interact with the system using text commands.
28
What command is used to print the current working directory in Linux?
pwd
29
What command lists files and directories in Linux?
ls
30
Fill in the blank: The command to list all files, including hidden ones, is _______.
ls -a
31
What does the 'ls -l' command do?
Displays a long listing of files, including permissions, owner, size, and modification date.
32
What command displays the full path of your current directory?
pwd
33
What does the ls command do?
Lists the files and directories within your current directory
34
What option with ls displays a long listing including permissions?
ls -l
35
What command is used to change directories?
cd
36
What command creates a new directory?
mkdir
37
What does the command rm -r do?
Recursively removes a directory and its contents
38
How do you display the first few lines of a file?
head
39
What command shows the disk space usage?
df
40
What command can you use to modify file permissions?
chmod
41
What does the command free -h display?
Information about memory usage in a human-readable format
42
What command would you use to check network interface information?
ip addr or ifconfig
43
True or False: Linux commands and filenames are case-sensitive.
True
44
What is the purpose of the man command?
Displays detailed information about any command
45
What does the command grep do?
Searches for patterns within files
46
What does the command whoami display?
The current username
47
Fill in the blank: The command to terminate a process is _______.
kill
48
What are the commands for adding and deleting user accounts?
useradd, userdel
49
What command is used to change a user's password?
passwd
50
What does the command tail -f do?
Follows a file in real-time, showing new lines as they are added
51
What does the command mv do?
Moves or renames files and directories
52
What are the options to display all files including hidden ones?
ls -a
53
What does the command du -sh show?
A summary of disk space used by a directory
54
What command is used to view real-time system resource usage?
top or htop
55
What does the command sed do?
Edits text streams, allowing for find and replace, deletion, etc.
56
What does the wildcard * do in Linux commands?
Matches any sequence of zero or more characters
57
What command shows the path that packets take to reach a network host?
traceroute
58
What command displays system information?
uname

CompTIA A+ (3 decks)

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