gen bii Flashcards
(15 cards)
is an archaic scientific theory which stated that living organisms could arise from nonliving matter and that such a process was regular in nature.
Spontaneous Generation Theory
every living being is made up of a compound of matter and form.
Aristotle
he stated that male’s semen was efficient cause that passed down characteristics to female matter (menstrual blood), and gave rise to its offspring.
Sexual Reproduction Theory
was an Italian naturalist who challenged the ancient belief of spontaneous generation of maggots on decaying meat in 1668. He believed that maggots could be prevented if flies were not allowed direct contact with the meat. He designed an experiment where he put pieces of meat in six different containers.
Francisco Redi
an Italian botanist, performed another experiment in 1729 where he placed fungal spores on a slice of melon and observed that the same was produced on the melon slice.
Pier Antonio Micheli
An English biologist, did yet another experiment in 1745 with boiled broths. He infused a broth by mixing plant and animal matter and boiled it in the belief that it would kill all themicroorganisms.
John Needham
an Italian biologist, reattempted Needham’s experiment in 1768. He took animal and plant matter-infused broths and boiled them vigorously. He kept one of the jars sealed and left the other one open to the air. According to his observations, the sealed jar was clear and did not have any growth. He then concluded that air was the force that was introducing microbes into the flask.
Lazzaro Spallanzani
In 1859, a French microbiologist conducted another broth experiment that settled the question of spontaneous generation once and for all. He took swan flasks that had twisted necks for the experiment and boiled meat broth in it. The design of the flask was such that it allowed exchange or air from outside to inside but prevented the entry of microorganisms.
Louis Pasteur
an Irish physicist, advanced the work of Louis Pasteur and finally the theory of spontaneous generation was disproved. Not much is known about Tyndall’s experiment on spontaneous generation.
John Tyndall
is a belief or explanation that attributes phenomena, events, or processes to forces or entities that are beyond the natural world and not governed by the laws of nature as we currently understand them. This theory often involves the presence of divine, spiritual, or metaphysical elements that cannot be explained or tested by scientific methods.
Supernatural Theory
The universe originated from a gigantic explosion of a fireball, scattering outwards
Big bang Theory
Study of fish
Ichthyology
Study of fern
pteridology
study of reptiles and amphibians
herpetology
