GEN CHEM PART 1

Question 1

It consists of a positively charged core (the atomic nucleus) which contains protons and neutrons, and which maintains a number of electrons to balance the positive charge in the nucleus.

Answer 1

Atoms

Question 2

He proposed an alternate view, referred to as the discontinuous theory of matter.

Answer 2

Democritus

Question 3

He named the building blocks of matter atomos, meaning literally “indivisible,”

Answer 3

Democritus

Question 4

They formulated the notion that there can be no ultimately indivisible particles

Answer 4

Plato and Aristotle

Question 5

Theory that states elements are composed of extremely small particles, called atoms.

Answer 5

Dalton’s Atomic Theory

Question 6

Theory that states atoms of a given element are identical, having the same size, mass, and chemical properties. The atoms of one element are different from the atoms of all other elements.

Answer 6

Dalton’s Atomic Theory

Question 7

Theory that states that compounds are composed of atoms of more than one element. In any compound, the ratio of the numbers of atoms of any two of the elements present is either an integer or a simple fraction.

Answer 7

Dalton’s Atomic Theory

Question 8

A theory that states chemical reaction involves only the separation, combination, or rearrangement of atoms; it does not result in their creation or destruction.

Answer 8

Dalton’s Atomic Theory

Question 9

Theory that states atoms may be disintegrated.

Answer 9

Modern Atomic Theory

Question 10

In nuclear reactions, atoms are being transferred into atoms of single elements in a process known

Answer 10

nuclear transmutation

Question 11

Theory that states that not all atoms of any given element are alike.

Answer 11

Modern Atomic Theory

Question 12

Theory that states not all atoms of a given element pose identical properties except in mass.

Answer 12

Modern Atomic Theory

Question 13

Theory that states atoms of different elements have different properties.

Answer 13

Modern Atomic Theory

Question 14

Electrons are discovered by

Answer 14

Joseph John Thomson

Question 15

It is the first component of the atom to be identified

Answer 15

Electron

Question 16

Electron mass

Answer 16

9.109 x 10-31 kg

Question 17

Electron charge

Answer 17

-1.602 x 10-19 coulombs

Question 18

One of the components of a nucleus

Answer 18

Protons

Question 19

Protons was discovered by

Answer 19

Eugene Goldstein

Question 20

Protons mass

Answer 20

1.673 x 10-27 kg

Question 21

Neutrons was discovered by

Answer 21

James Chadwick

Question 22

Neutrons mass

Answer 22

1.675 x 10-27 kg

Question 23

His theory stated that atoms are indivisible,those of a given element are identical and compounds are combination of different types of atoms.

Answer 23

John Dalton

Question 24

He discovered corpuscles in atoms. He subsequently produced “plum pudding” model of atom. It shows the atom as composed of electrons scattered throughout a spherical cloud of a positive charge.

Answer 24

Joseph John Thomson

Question 25

He fired positively charged alpha particles at a thin sheets of gold foil. Most passed through with a little deflection but some deflected at large angles.

Answer 25

Ernest Rutherford

Question 26

He modified Rutherfords model of the atom by stating that electrons moved around the nucleus in orbits of fixed size and energies.

Answer 26

Niels Bohr

Question 27

He stated that electrons do not move in set paths around nucleus but in waves. He stated also the ‘cloud of probability’ called orbitals in which more likely to find electrons.

Answer 27

Erwin Schrodinger

Question 28

Model that states that atoms is a spherical mass containing electrons and that this spherical mass is positive but is made neutral by the electrons embedded in it.

Answer 28

Thomson Model

Question 29

It is based on additional experimental evidence of “alpha scattering experiments”.

Answer 29

Rutherford model

Question 30

In this model, protons are in the nucleus and the electrons are in the orbital motion around the nucleus.

Answer 30

Bohr Model of an Atom

Question 31

In this model, the atoms are in elliptical orbits of increasing number.

Answer 31

Rutherford-Bohr Model

Question 32

This principle states that simultaneous determination of the exact position and exact momentum of electron is impossible.

Answer 32

Heisenburg Uncertainty Principle

Question 33

In this model, the nucleus is a single cluster of particles at the center of the atom while the electrons are everywhere

Answer 33

Wave Mechanical Atom

Question 34

This theory makes the assertion that electromagnetic radiation like X-rays, gamma rays, radio waves and light rays are made up of small bits of energy.

Answer 34

Schroedinger “Quantum Model”

Question 35

This theory states that the number of orbital types in a given shell is equal to the shell number.

Answer 35

Orbital theory

Question 36

The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom of an element also the number of electrons in an atom

Answer 36

Atomic Number

Question 37

It ia total number of protons and neutrons on the nucleus of nucleons

Answer 37

Mass Number

Question 38

atoms of the same element with the same atomic number, but different mass numbers.

Answer 38

Isotopes

Question 39

They have the same number of protons and electrons but different number of neutrons.

Answer 39

Isotopes

Question 40

Atoms of different elements having the same number of neutrons.

Answer 40

Isotones

Question 41

Atoms of different elements having the same atomic mass.

Answer 41

Isobars

Question 42

It is a charged species, an atom or a molecule, that has lost or gained one or more electrons.

Answer 42

Ions

Question 43

It is the smallest indivisible portion of a pure chemical substance that has its unique set of chemical properties, that is, its potential to undergo a certain set of chemical reactions with other substances.

Answer 43

Molecules

Question 44

It is an electrode of a polarized electrical device through which conventional current enters the device.

Answer 44

Anode

Question 45

It is an electrode of the device through which conventional current leaves the device.

Answer 45

Cathode

Question 46

Are the physical properties of matter which may vary from time to time.

Answer 46

Extrinsic Property

Question 47

Not the characteristics of the substance itself

Answer 47

Physical property

Question 48

Depends on the amount, also called extensive properties.

Answer 48

Extrinsic Property

Question 49

Are the properties of matter which are constant.

Answer 49

Intrinsic Property

Question 50

Give the characteristics of the substance its unique identity.

Answer 50

Intrinsic Property

Question 51

Those which do not depend on the amount, also called intensive properties.

Answer 51

Intrinsic Property

Question 52

Constant at any place and time

Answer 52

Mass

Question 53

A measure of the quantity of matter in an object

Answer 53

Mass

Question 54

When travelled to the moon, the mass of an object will still be the same

Answer 54

Mass

Question 55

Can never be zero

Answer 55

Mass

Question 56

Varies, depends on the amount of gravity

Answer 56

Refers to the downward pull of the objects towards the center of the earth; the force that gravity exerts on an object.

Question 57

When travelled to the moon, the weight of an object will only be 1/6 of its weight on earth

Answer 57

Weight

Question 58

Can also be zero

Answer 58

Weight

Question 59

It is the fundamental materials of which all matter is composed.

Answer 59

Element

Question 60

It is any substance composed of identical molecules consisting of atoms of two or more chemical elements

Answer 60

Compound

Question 61

It is any of a class of substances characterized by high electrical and thermal conductivity as well as by malleability, ductility, and high reflectivity of light.

Answer 61

Metal

Question 62

It lacks metal properties and is capable of forming anions, acid oxides, acids, and stable hydrogen compounds.

Answer 62

Non metal

Question 63

It is a chemical element that forms a simple substance having properties intermediate between those of a typical metal and a typical nonmetal.

Answer 63

metalloid

Question 64

earth’s crust composition

Answer 64

Oxygen, Silicon, Aluminum, Iron, Calcium, Magnesium

Question 65

Human body composition

Answer 65

Oxygen, Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Calcium, Phosphorus

Question 66

It is a neutral compounds made up of positively charged ions called cations and negatively charged ions called anions

Answer 66

Ionic compound

Question 67

It is formed by sharing one or more pairs of valence electrons.

Answer 67

Covalent compound

Question 67

It is formed by sharing one or more pairs of valence electrons.

Answer 67

Covalent compound

Question 68

It is compound that contains one or more metal elements bonded to another element.

Answer 68

Metallic compound

Question 69

It is a homogenous mixture of two or more substances in relative amounts that can be varied continuously up to what is called the limit of solubility.

Answer 69

Solutions

Question 70

It is any substance consisting of particles substantially larger than atoms or ordinary molecules but too small to be visible to the unaided eye

Answer 70

Colloid

Question 71

It is heterogeneous mixture in which the solid particles are spread throughout the liquid without dissolving in it.

Answer 71

Suspension

Question 72

It is stable dispersion of two or more immiscible liquids held in suspension by small percentages of substances called emulsifiers.

Answer 72

Emulsion

Question 73

Always have a definite composition by weight.

Answer 73

Compound

Question 74

Components may be present in any proportions.

Answer 74

Mixture

Question 75

Preparation shows evidence of chemical action taking place.

Answer 75

Compound

Question 76

It is prepared with no evidence of any chemical reaction taking place.

Answer 76

Mixture

Question 77

Components can be separated by chemical means

Answer 77

Compounds

Question 78

Components do not lose identity.

Answer 78

Mixture

Question 79

Constituents can be separated by chemical means

Answer 79

Compounds

Question 80

Components may be separated by mechanical means.

Answer 80

Mixtures

Question 81

Composed of two or more substances that are chemically combined.

Answer 81

Compound

Question 82

Composed of two or more substances that are not chemically combined.

Answer 82

Mixture

Question 83

It is a chemical compound always contains exactly the same proportion of elements by mass.

Answer 83

Law of Definite Proportions

Question 84

It is a law when two elements combine to form more than one compound, the weights of one element that combine with a fixed weight of the other are in a ratio of small whole numbers

Answer 84

Law of Multiple Proportions

Question 85

Elements combine in the ratio of their combining weights or chemical equivalents; or in some simple multiple or sub-multiple of that ratio.

Answer 85

Law of Combining Weights

Question 86

Law of Combining Weights is also called

Answer 86

Also called the Law of Reciprocal Proportions or Law of Equivalents