Gen Chem up to 1st Midterm

Question 1

What is Chemistry?

Answer 1

The study of matter, its properties, and any changes that matter may undergo.

Question 2

What is matter?

Answer 2

Anything that has mass and takes up space

Question 3

Define the word Property

Answer 3

Any distinct characteristic of a particular type of matter.

Question 4

What is an atom?

Answer 4

One single unit of an element

Question 5

What is a molecule?

Answer 5

A group of 2 or more bonded atoms made of the same element.

Question 6

What is a compound?

Answer 6

A substance made of 2 or more different elements that are bonded together.

Question 7

What is a mixture?

Answer 7

A combination of substances where neither substance changes the property of the other.

Question 8

What is a heterogeneous mixture?

Answer 8

A mixture in which the substances are not evenly distributed throughout the mixture.

Question 9

What is a homogeneous mixture?

Answer 9

A mixture in which the substances are evenly distributed throughout the mixture.

Question 10

What are some examples of physical properties?

Answer 10

Color, mass, volume, density, and melting points.

Question 11

What does the term physical Property mean?

Answer 11

Matter that can be observed without changing the identity and composition of the substance.

Question 12

What are some examples of chemical properties?

Answer 12

Oxidation, flammability, combustibility, and radioactivity.

Question 13

What does the term chemical property mean?

Answer 13

It describes the way a substance may change or react to other/different substances.

Question 14

What is a physical change?

Answer 14

A change in a state if matter.

Question 15

What is a chemical change?

Answer 15

A chemical reaction that ends in the substance either being atomically altered or becoming an entirely new substance.

Question 16

What does it mean to separate matter by sorting?

Answer 16

It means to separate solids + solids

Question 17

What does it mean to separate matter by filtration?

Answer 17

It means to separate liquids + solids.

Question 18

What does it mean to separate matter by distillation?

Answer 18

It means to separate Gas + liquids or Gas + solids.

Question 19

What does it mean to separate by chromatography?

Answer 19

It means to separate many types of liquids + gases

Question 20

What is the equation for the result “work”?

Answer 20

Force x Distance = Work

Question 21

What is energy?

Answer 21

The capacity to work, or transfer heat.

Question 22

What is work?

Answer 22

The energy transferred when a force is placed on an object that causes it to move.

Question 23

What is heat?

Answer 23

The energy used to cause the temperature of a object to increase.

Question 24

What is kinetic energy?

Answer 24

The energy of motion.

Question 25

What is the equation for kinetic energy?

Answer 25

Ek = 1/2mv squared

Question 26

What is potential energy?

Answer 26

Energy that is stored within objects.

Question 27

What is electrostatic potential energy?

Answer 27

Energy that arises from interactions between charged particles (ions).

Question 28

What is length?

Answer 28

The distance between 2 points.

Question 29

What is mass?

Answer 29

The measure of the amount of material in an object.

Question 30

What is temperature?

Answer 30

A measure of the hotness or coldness of an object or the average kinetic energy of the particles in a sample of matter.

Question 31

What degree of celsius is 0 degrees kelvin?

Answer 31

-273.15 degrees celsius

Question 32

What is the equation for turning celsius to kelvin?

Answer 32

celsius + 273.15

Question 33

What does it mean when something has been derived from SI units?

Answer 33

It means that the result or unit was obtained by multiplication or division of the 7 base units from SI.

Question 34

What is volume?

Answer 34

The amount of space an object occupies.

Question 35

What is density?

Answer 35

The amount of mass contained within a unit of volume.

Question 36

What units are energy, work, and heat always measured in?

Answer 36

Joules and Kilocalories

Question 37

How many calories are in one Kilocalorie?

Answer 37

1,000 calories

Question 38

How many Kilojoules are in one Kilocalorie?

Answer 38

4.184 Kilojoules

Question 39

What is an exact number?

Answer 39

Numbers that are derived from conepts.

Question 40

What is an inexact number?

Answer 40

Numbers that are derived from measurements.

Question 41

What is precision?

Answer 41

A measure of how closely individual measurements agree with one another.

Question 42

What is accuracy?

Answer 42

How close a measurement is to the true value.

Question 43

What are significant figures?

Answer 43

All digits of a measured value.

Question 44

What are significant figures symbolized as on calculators and other scientific instruments?

Answer 44

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