Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

PPO Training > General > Flashcards

General Flashcards

(61 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Protection Principles

A
  1. protect people from resource
  2. protect resource from people
  3. protect people from people
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Role of the Park Patrol

A
  • # 1 in communication
  • create a good impression
  • appear professional
  • look at people when speaking to them
  • be patient/keep your temper
  • avoid argument, criticism, or judgement
  • develop the ability to deal with the public while in stressful situations
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

In every encounter

A

there are three parties involved:

  1. department
  2. officer
  3. subject
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the goal of enforcement?

A

voluntary compliance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

federal government

A

has jurisdiction over matters that are national in nature (national defense, postal services, and criminal law)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

provincial government

A

has jurisdiction over matters that were more local in nature such as property and civil rights and natural resources

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Canadian Constitution section 7. Life liberty and security of person

A

“everyone has the right to life, liberty and security of the person and the right not to be deprived thereof except in accordance with the principles of fundamental justice”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Canadian Constitution section 8. Search and Seizure

A

“everyone has the right to be secure against unreasonable search or seizure”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Canadian Constitution section 9. Detention or Imprisonment

A

“everyone has the right not to be arbitrarily detained or imprisoned”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Canadian Constitution section 10. Arrest or Detention

A

“everyone has the right on arrest or detention

a. to be informed promptly of the reasons therefore;
b. to retain and instruct counsel without delay and to be informed of that right; and
c. to have the validity of the detention determined by way of habeas corpus and to be released if the detention is not lawful

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Canadian Constitution section 11. Proceedings in Criminal and Penal Matters

A

Any person charged with an offence has the right

a-i

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Canadian Constitution section 12. Treatment or Punishment

A

“everyone has the right not to be subjected to any cruel and unusual treatment or punishment”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Canadian Constitution section 13. Self-incrimination

A

(summation) “everyone has the right to be protected against self-incrimination”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Canadian Constitution section 14. Interpreter

A

“A party or witness in any proceedings who does not understand or speak the language in which the proceedings are conducted or who is deaf has the right to the assistance of an interpreter”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Classification of an Offense

A
  1. Indictable
  2. Summary Conviction
  3. Dual Procedure/Hybrid Offense
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Indictable Offense

A

involve acts or omissions prohibited by Federal Acts which are serious in nature ex) murder, rape, involve more time, expense

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Summary Conviction

A

less serious criminal offences under Federal statutes and include all offences under provincial legislation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Dual Procedure/Hybrid Offense

A

some offenses may be prosecuted by either indictable or summary conviction. ex) carry concealed weapon, fish habitat destruction, all fisheries act offenses are dual procedure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Full mens rea

A

the crown must prove both the Actus Reus and Mens Rea aspect of an offense

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Strict Liability

A

crown has proven that the accused has performed a prohibited act. The accused has the chance to exculpate himself by demonstrating that he has taken due diligence to avoid committing the offense. Most Fisheries Act offenses fall in this category.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Absolute Liability

A

like strict liability except there is no due diligence defense. The mere fact that a violation occurred is sufficient to convict.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Due Diligence

A

defense of taking all reasonable care to avoid committing an offence. Defendant must satisfy all of the requirements:

  1. act was committed to avoid immediate peril
  2. no other reasonable alternative existed
  3. the harm caused by the defendant was less than the harm avoided and
  4. they could not have foreseen the emergency
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Reasonable and Probably Grounds (RPG)

A

To lay a charge you must have RPG. “the honest belief of the existence of a state of circumstances which, assuming them to be true, would reasonably lead an ordinary prudent cautious man, placed in the position of the accuser, to the conclusion that the person charged was probably guilty of the crime indicated”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Authority to write tickets

A

Provincial Offenses Act Subsection 7(1)
allows an enforcement officer who believes on reasonable grounds that a person has committed an offence for which there is a pre-set fine may commence a prosecution for that offence by completing a ticket in the prescribed form

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Commencing proceeding a ticket
must have a pre-set fine and must be signed and dated by the Officer
26
Responding to a ticket
three ways to respond to a ticker 1. pay the fine indicated on the ticket 2. admit to the offence but seek a reduction in the fine or more time to pay the fine 3. dispute the charge and request a hearing
27
Authority to seize evidence
under section 33(2) of The Provincial Offenses Act
28
When can a peace officer make an arrest
under the Provincial Offenses Act 47(1) to: 1. establish the person's identity 2. secure or preserve evidence relating to the offense 3, prevent the continuation or repetition of the offense or the commission of another offense
29
How to Effect an Arrest
officer only needs "reasonable suspicion" to detain. officer must have "reasonable grounds" to arrest. Steps to follow: 1. identify yourself 2. place person under arrest by identifying your intention and taking control of the person 3. inform the person of charge 4. inform person of their legal rights (Charter Warning)
30
Reasonable force may be used to...
1. stop dangerous and unlawful behaviour 2. protect the peace officer or another person from injury 3. protect the suspect from self-injury 4. over come resistance to a lawful arrest 5. prevent the escape of an arrested officer
31
reasonable grounds
a set of conditions or circumstances that would cause an ordinary, prudent individual to form a strong belief which goes beyond mere suspicion
32
use of force goal?
- voluntary compliance | - to resolve without use of force
33
Based on the criminal code of authority for an officer to use force; under what circumstances (3) is the officer protected from criminal and civil liability?
1. he/she uses force in the lawfully executing of duties 2. his/her actions are necessary based on reasonable grounds 3. force is not excessive
34
What is resistance?
any action by another person that hinders your objective in the lawful execution of your duties
35
to justify force you must do three things (use of force framework)
1. evaluate the subjects actions 2. understand your force options 3. take all circumstances into account to select a force option that is necessary to control the situation
36
survival reaction time
in any situation officers need to: - perceive - assess - plan a response - act on the situation
37
threat assessment
weapon, delivery system, intent
38
force variables
number of subjects, reaction time, subjects abilities (known/perceived)
39
one plus one doctrine
the one plus one doctrine is when the level of resistance can be countered by one level of force higher
40
level of resistance
- psychological intimidation - verbal non compliance - passive resistance - defensive resistance - assaultive behaviour - grievous bodily harm/death
41
level of control
- officer presence - verbal direction - soft empty hand - hard empty hand - intermediate weapon - lethal force
42
psychological intimidation
-this level involves your evaluation of a subject's non-verbal body language ex) size, gang tattoos/colours, intimating insults
43
verbal non-compliance
-any verbal response from a person indicating unwillingness to comply ex) threats, boosts of fighting skills
44
Passive resistance
-lowest level of physical resistance. person refuses to respond to directions, but does not attempt to defeat physical contact ex) subject goes limp and makes you lift them
45
defensive resistance
-physical efforts that that interfere with office's attempts at control. no attempt to strike or assault officers. ex) pulling or running away from officers
46
assaultive behaviour
-person assaults or threatens to assault officer or other persons and the officer believes that the assault will not have the ability to cause death or grievous bodily harm ex) punches, kicks, adopting a fighting stance
47
grievous bodily harm or death
-person may use a technique or weapon that could result in grievous bodily harm or death ex) very strong/skilled person who may cause this with empty hand techniques
48
officer presence
presence of an officer is enough to elicit compliance and cooperation ex) uniform, badge, marked vechile
49
verbal direction
effective communication can gain, or regain, voluntary compliance through clear verbal commands
50
soft empty hand control
physical control techniques that have a low potential for injuring a person ex) holding an arm, joint locks with hyperextension or hyper flexion, pressure point control
51
hard empty hand control
physical control techniques that have a higher probability of injuring a person, but are not intended to cause grievous bodily harm or death ex) striking techniques using an open hand, fist, forearm, leg, or foot
52
intermediate weapon
intent is temporarily incapacitate a person by overcoming their resistance ex) baton, OC spray
53
lethal force
any force likely to, or with the potential to, cause grievous bodily harm or death
54
under what 4 circumstances would the use of deadly force be justified?
1. officer life is at risk 2. public life is at risk 3. officer is at risk of grievous bodily harm 4. public is at risk of grievous bodily harm
55
What're an officers alternatives or options when they 'Act'?
Escalate, de-escalate, tactically repostion/disengage, communicate
56
10 Deadly Errors
1. Bad attitude 2. Taking a bad position 3. Failure to recognize danger signals 4. Poor or no body search 5. Failure to handcuff 6. Failure to Watch Hands 7. Relaxing too soon 8. False assumptions 9. Sleepy or asleep on duty 10. Tombstone courage
57
Body alarm reactions
1. Coordination 2. Critical decision making 3. Unreliable mental track 4. Tunnel vision 5. Auditory exclusion 6. General muscle tightening 7. Time/space distortion 8. Unrealistic expectations
58
Plus one Rule
Always assume there is another threat, do not assume you know the whole picture. If you see one subject, assume there is another. Keep alert so the "plus one" does not surprise you
59
Verbal Judo
Tactical 8 Steps: 1. Greeting 2. ID yourself 3. Reason for your stop/encounter 4. Ask for legal justification 5. Driver, angling or hunting license 6. Other ID, registration 7. Decision 8. Appropriate closure
60
5 step "hard style"
1. Ask 2. Set context 3. Present options 4. Confirmation 5. Act
61
7 Tactical Principles
1. Cover vs. Concealment 2. Threat cues 3. Time/distance ratio 4. One plus one rule 5. Verbalization 6. De-escalate/disengage 7. Survival mentality

PPO Training (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions