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Colorado Department of Agriculture > General > Flashcards

General Flashcards

(100 cards)

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1
Q

what government agency regulates pesticides?

A

EPA

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2
Q

a person who uses or supervises the use of RUPs in the production of agricultural commodities on land owned or rented by him/her or his/her employer.

A

private applicator

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3
Q

any person who engages in the business of applying pesticides or operating a device for hire.

A

commercial applicator

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4
Q

state lead agency

A

colorado EPA approved program

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5
Q

FIFRA

A

federal insecticide, fungicide, and rodenticide act

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6
Q

labels only valid in the state they are issued

A

24a

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7
Q

emergency exemptions

A

section 18

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8
Q

minimum risk pesticides

A

25b

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9
Q

maximum residue limit

A

tolerance

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10
Q

governs the establishment of pesticide tolerances for food and feed products

A

FFDCA (Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act)

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11
Q

WPS

A

worker protection standard

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12
Q

Danger-Poison

A

very toxic from oral, dermal, or inhalation exposure, and can be fatal or cause irreversible eye damage.

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13
Q

Danger

A

highly toxic

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14
Q

Warning

A

moderately likely to cause issues

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15
Q

Caution

A

slightly toxic or relatively nontoxic.

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16
Q

avicides

A

control bird pests

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17
Q

bactericides

A

control bacteria

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18
Q

disinfectants

A

control microorganisms

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19
Q

fungicides

A

control fungi

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20
Q

herbicides

A

control weeds or undesirable plants

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21
Q

insecticides

A

control insects and related arthropods

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22
Q

defoliants

A

cause leaves of foliage to drop from plants

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23
Q

desiccants

A

promote drying or loss of moisture from plant tissues

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24
Q

growth regulators

A

alter the growth or development of plant or animal

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25
molluscicides
control slugs or snails
26
nematicides
control nematodes
27
miticides
control mites and ticks
28
piscicides
control fish
29
predacides
control predatory vertebrates
30
repellents
repel insects, related invertebrates, birds, and mammals
31
rodenticides
control rodents (rats and mice)
32
wood preservatives
protect wood from decay and stain fungi, insects, and other wood destroying organisms
33
mode of action
the way pesticides affect and enter pests
34
inorganic
do not contain carbon and are usually derived from mineral ores extracted from the earth.
35
organic
contain carbon in their chemical structure. usually created by combining chemical compounds, but few are extracted from plant material and are called BOTANICALS.
36
botanicals
organic pesticides that are extracted from plant material.
37
contact pesticides
only kill parts of the organism they physically come in the contact with
38
systemic pesticides
move from the site of application to another site within the plant or animal where they become effective
39
stomach poison
has to be eaten
40
broad spectrum
control many species
41
selective pesticides
only workon certain species
42
pre planting
applying the pesticide before planting
43
pre emergence
applying the pesticide before the seedlings come up
44
post emergence
applying the pesticide after the seedlings come up
45
residual herbicides
nonselective herbicides applied to soil. control growing plants and prevent growth of new plants for as long as the compound remains active, often several years.
46
foliar applied
applied to plant leaves, stems, and branches either contact or systemic
47
soil applied
applied to the soil. some are taken up by roots and translocated inside of the plant. others kill seedlings by contact with young shoots or leaves as they break through the soil
48
protectant fungicides
prevent fungal infections. retard fungal growth or prevent the organisms from entering treated plants. they must be used before the fungi reach the infection stage.
49
eradicant fungicides
destroy fungi that have already invaded plants and begun to damage plant tissues. they inhibit metabolic processes of growing fungal organisms.
50
3 types of formulation
solids, liquids, and gases
51
B
bait
52
DF
dry flowable
53
WDG
water dispersible granule
54
D
dust
55
G
Granular
56
P or PS
pellet
57
SP or S
soluble powder
58
WP or W
wettable powder
59
A
Aerosol
60
EW
Concentrated emulsion
61
EC or E
emulsifiable concentrate
62
F
flowable
63
SC
suspension concentrate
64
L
true liquid
65
ULV
ultra low volume concentrates
66
WSP
water soluble packets
67
adjuvants
added ingredients that increase the effectiveness of the active ingredient and make application easier.
68
acidifier
used to lower the pH
69
efficacy
the capacity to produce an effect
70
activator
increases the biological efficacy of pesticides
71
antifoaming agent
eliminates or suppresses foam in spray tank
72
buffer
causes solution to resist change in pH
73
drift control agent
used in liquid spray mixtures to reduce drift
74
penetrant
enhances pesticides' ability to enter substrate or penetrate surface
75
wetting agent
increases area that spray droplet with cover
76
sticker
increases area that spray droplet will cover and ability of pesticide to stick to treated plant surface
77
surfactants
change surface tension of spray solution
78
phytotoxicity
injury to plants
79
leaching
movement of pesticides through the soil as opposed to movement over the surface.
80
adsorption
The accumulation of gases, liquids, or solutes on the surface of a solid or liquid.
81
volatility
when a pesticide turns into gas or vapor
82
solubility
pesticides that dissolve easily in water
83
biological control
the use of living organisms to reduce pest populations
84
host
the animal or plant on which or in which another organism resides.
85
Four main groups of pests
insects, vertebrates, weeds, disease agents or pathogens
86
insects
insects, mites, ticks spiders, snails, and slugs
87
vertebrates
birds, reptiles, amphibians, fish, and rodents
88
weeds
undesirable plants
89
disease agents or pathogens
bacteria, viruses, fungi, nematodes, mycoplasmas
90
KPCOFGS
``` Keep = Kingdom Pond = Phylum Clean = Class Or = Order Froggy = Family Gets = Genus Sick = species ```
91
acute toxicity
immediate
92
chronic toxicity
over a long period of time
93
LD 50
lethal dose
94
LC 50
lethal concentration
95
ocular exposure
penetration of pesticides through the eyes
96
dermal exposure
absorption through the skin
97
oral exposure
absorption through the mouth and stomach
98
inhalation exposure
absorption through the lungs
99
GPA
gallons per acre
100
88 ft/min
1 mph

Colorado Department of Agriculture (5 decks)

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