General

Question 1

What are the types of bedwetting?

Answer 1

Mono symptomatic = no daytime symptoms

Non mono symptomatic = daytime symptoms +/- incontinence

primary = always wet at night

secondary = >6months of night dryness previously

Question 2

What are causes of enuresis

Answer 2

• constipation
• avoiding voiding
• overactive bladder (most common cause)
• dysfunction voiding (contracting external urinary sphincter during voiding)
• Vaginal reflux
• Pollakiuria uncommon, post stressors
• Giggle incontinence (type of cataplexy, needs medical mx, Complete emptying of bladder)
• Stress incontinence (uncommon in paeds v adults) e.g. children with cystic fibrosis

Question 3

Treatment of enuresis

When to refer for enuresis

Answer 3

see flow chart patron caldwell

Recurrent UTI
Suspected or known uropathology 
Suspected neurological pathology 
Abnormal voiding or poor emptying 
Failure to respond or deterioration following treatment

Question 4

Criteria for chronic constipation

Answer 4

2 of X from Rome III criteria