General Anatomy And Physiology

Question 1

Which blood vessel delivers oxygenated blood from the lungs to the atrium?

Answer 1

The pulmonary vein

It is the only vain in the body to carry oxygenated blood - it runs from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart

Question 2

During respiration the amount of oxygen and carbon dioxide within the lungs alters during the process of gaseous exchange, how much carbon dioxide is present in expired air?

Answer 2

4%

Question 3

The function of the lungs is to allow uptake of oxygen into the blood and to remove the carbon dioxide from the blood to the air. Where does the gaseous exchange process occur?

Answer 3

Alveoli

They are microscopic air bags that form the ends of the respiratory system. They form the majority of the tissue in the lungs and allow gaseous exchange to occur effectively because they are only one cell thick. Air passes through the tiny tubes called bronchioles to reach the alveoli.

Question 3

The function of the lungs is to allow uptake of oxygen into the blood and to remove the carbon dioxide from the blood to the air. Where does the gaseous exchange process occur?

Answer 3

Alveoli

They are microscopic air bags that form the ends of the respiratory system. They form the majority of the tissue in the lungs and allow gaseous exchange to occur effectively because they are only one cell thick. Air passes through the tiny tubes called bronchioles to reach the alveoli.

Question 4

What anatomical feature is found specifically in larger veins to stop the backflow of blood?

Arteries, veins and capillaries - 3 main types of blood vessel

Answer 4

Valves

• Only veins contains valves
• Arteries have thick elastic layer and muscular walls to pulse the blood along their length
• Capillaries have a rich blood supply and a thin endothelium

Question 5

What condition would a patient have if stated they use a salbutamol inhaler?

Answer 5

Asthma

Question 6

Which medication would be associated with a sore tongue diagnosed as xerostomia?

Answer 6

Diuretics

Water tablets usually prescribed to pts with heart conditions to reduce fluid load.

Question 7

During respiration the amount of carbon dioxide and oxygen within the lungs alters during the process of gaseous exchange. What percent of oxygen is present in expired air?

Answer 7

16%

20% is inspired and the body uses 4% to work and produce energy for normal cellular activity. Meaning only 16% is left to be expired.

Question 8

What conditions affects the detoxification process of medications?

Answer 8

Liver disease

Question 9

What conditions affects the detoxification process of medications?

Answer 9

Liver disease

Question 10

What means in the body transports oxygen from the lungs to the heart and around the body?

Answer 10

Erythrocytes (red blood cells)

Question 11

What exports the carbon dioxide from the cells to the lungs to the heart and then to the removal from the body?

Answer 11

Plasma

Question 12

What health problems can arise from metformin when someone has type 2 diabetes?

Answer 12

Poor wound healing

Question 13

What happens when electrical activity in the body becomes suddenly disorganised?

Answer 13

Grand mal seizure

Question 14

What must be ruled out before proceeding with an rct?

Answer 14

Latex allergy due to rubber dam use (anaphylaxis shock)

Question 15

What does cirrhosis affect?

Answer 15

The liver usually through alcohol abuse or blood disorders

Question 16

What does hepatitis b affect?

Answer 16

The liver

Can develop a liver carcinoma

Question 17

What is dysfunctional in patients who have type 2 diabetes?

Answer 17

The pancreas

Question 18

What organ is classed as an endocrine gland?

Answer 18

The pancreas

Question 19

Which medication will most likely require the use of adrenaline free la?

Answer 19

Thyroxine