General Biology 1 Flashcards
(25 cards)
Five different stages of Mitosis
interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase
Difference between mitosis and meiosis
Mitosis is a type of cell division for somatic cells and for the asexual reproduction of unicellular eukaryotic cells. Meiosis is the type of cell division for the production of gametes in sexual reproduction.
refers to the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration.
Diffusion
is a type of diffusion specifically for water molecules moving across a semi-permeable membrane.
Osmosis
Is any external solution that has a low solute concentration and high water concentration compared to body fluids
Hypotonic solution
Three basic parts of a cell
cell membrane, nucleus, and cytoplasm
Three cell theories
- All living organisms are composed of one or more cells.
- The cell is the basic unit of structure and organization in organisms.
- All cells come from preexisting cells.
Types of cells
stem cells, bone cells, blood cells, muscle cells, fat cells, skin cells, nerve cells, endothelial cells, sex cells, pancreatic cells, cancer cells
Normal blood pressure
120/80 mmHg
Normal blood sugar
85 -125 mg/dL
used to measure blood sugar
Glucometer
Increase of blood sugar
Hyperglycemia
Decrease of blood sugar
Hypoglycemia
Increase of blood pressure
Hypertension
Decrease of blood pressure
Hypotension
Union of sperm and egg cell
Fertilization
Treatment for cancer
- Stem cell
- Surgery
- Chemotherapy
- Radiation therapy
- Hormone therapy
GUESS THE SCIENTIST
I. contributed to the cell theory by literally discovering cells.
II. made his contribution to the cell theory in 1665.
III. discovery help paved the way to the rejection of spontaneous rejection by demolishing the idea that living things came out of nothing or
nonliving things. In truth, while Hooke only saw dead cell remains, it still proved that there was something that made up a once-living thing.
Robert Hooke (1665)
GUESS THE SCIENTIST
I. This scientist contributed to the cell theory by being the first to prove that a living thing has cells. Hooke could not take credit for this as he only witnessed the dead cells in a piece of cork.
II. This scientist made his contribution to the cell theory in 1673.
III. This scientist’s discovery helped lead to the rejection of spontaneous generation through supporting the notion that living things must come from somewhere and must be made out of some “entity” instead of randomly appearing out of thin air or abiotic factors.
Anton Van Leeuwenhoek (1673)
GUESS THE SCIENTIST
I. This scientist contributed to the cell theory by supporting the idea that cells are products of other cells.
II. made his contribution in 1850.
III. This scientist’s discovery helped lead to the rejection of the theory of spontaneous generation by proving that living things are products of cells, which are living things.
Louis Pasteur (1850)
“cell eating” - one cell will engulf the target and then proceed to digest or destroy the contents of the vesicle. It is demonstrated by white blood cells that are appropriately named, “phagocytes”. (entire cell is engulfed)
Phagocytosis
“cell drinking” - Cells tend to sample small amounts of the extracellular fluid via ___. It is when the endocytosis results in a vesicle having only extracellular fluid as its contents.(external fluid is engulfed)
Pinocytosis
What are the basic, fundamental unit of life that is responsible for all of life’s processes
Cells
What is a type type of cell that;
- has no nucleus
- are single-celled organisms
- has a singular piece of DNA
- reproduce by binary fission
e.g bacteria, archaea
Prokaryotic Cells
