General Cardiopulm Flashcards
(64 cards)
where is S1 and S2 best heard
S1: mitral area
S2: aortic area
compare and contrast murmers vvs. gallops
murmers: turbulent blood flow often through incompetant valvues
Gallop = S3 and S4
S3: flappy ventricle/poor compliance - CHF or normal in healthy young
S4: stiff atrium /exaggerated atrial contraction - MI, HTN
amplitude of pulse is on what number scale
and name them
0-4+ so 5 point scale
0: absent 1+: thready 2+: weak 3+ normal 4+ bounding
where do you assess posterior tib pulse?
just posterior to medial mal
name two reasons reasons for unilateral edema
two reasons for bilateral edema
unilateral: DVT, lymphadema
bilateral: CHF, liver failure etc.
Chest pain is unlikely to be angina if it changes with
- deep breathing
- jt movement or palpation
- position changes
what would those above be indicative of individually if their action changed chest pain
deep breathing: pleural, pulmonary or chest wall sources
jt movement or palpation: MSK
position changes: pleuritis
what is orthopnea
difficulty breathing when supine
what is platypenea
difficulty breathing when upright
BORG dyspnea scale is a ____ point scale
what is the most out of breath on the scale?
11 point scale
goes from 0-10: 10 is maximally dyspnic
where on dyspnea scale would someone fall who is too dyspnic to leave the house?
4!!! which sounds little but thats where the scale is
inspiratory mms training dosing \_\_\_\_\_% of \_\_\_\_ Intensity of \_\_\_ on RPE scale (both 10 and 20 scale) How many sets How many minutes each How do you progress intensity each week?
60-70% of max inspiratory pressure
RPE: 5-6/10, 12-13/20
7 sets
2 minutes each
progress by 5% intensity each week
Name the four main breathing exercises to control dyspnea
Breathing control
Pursed lip breathing
Blow as you go
Paced breathing
Name the four main breathing exercises to increase ventilation
Deep breathing/thoracic expansion
Stacked breathing
Incentive Spirometry
Inspiratory mms training
What are the 4 parts to active cycle of breathing
breathing control
thoracic expansion
Forced expiration/huff
COUGH
true or false active cycle of breathing can be performed in postural drainage position
true!
what are some disadvantages of active cycle of breathing?
congnition must be in tact, may not be great for children
what can the trandelenburg position result in that you need to be aware of
desaturation
also look out for elevated ICP etc.
dosing for percussion
total time per lung segment ____
___ at a time
total time: 5 minutes
1 minute at a time
what do you do after the percussion part of postural drainage
vibration during expiratory phase until cough produced
Eucapnia is what
normal level of CO2 in arterial blood
Balloon catheter is also known as what
what is its purpose
Swan-Ganz: in pulmonary artery to obtain pulmonary artery wedge pressure and L atrial pressure
Thermodilution measures what
CO
Central venous pressure line (CVP) measures what
pressure in vena cava
V/P scan most commonly used when
diagnosis of PE
