General Chemistry: Gases

Question 1

what does it mean when a substance is in the ‘gaseous state’?

Answer 1

it has no fixed volume or shape. it spreads uniformly throughout any container in which it is placed

Question 2

what are the standard conditions under which a volume of gas is measured?

Answer 2

273K

1.00atm

Question 3

what is meant by the ‘standard molar volume’ and what it equal to?

Answer 3

the volume occupied by one mole of any gas under standard conditions.
equal to 22.4L

Question 4

what is an ideal gas?

Answer 4

a gas with behaviour that fits the kinetic molecular theory of gases

Question 5

what are the essential points of the kinetic molecular theory of gases?

Answer 5

1 - gases are composed of extremely small particles, separated by distances that are relatively large

2 - particles of gas are in constant motion, except when they collide

3 - particles of an ideal gas exert no attractive or repulsive force on one another

4 - the collisions experienced by gas particles do not slow them down, but cause a change in direction (collisions of particles of ideal gas result in no loss of energy)

5 - the average kinetic energy of the particles increases in proportion to the temperature

Question 6

under what conditions is the average kinetic energy of gas particles in direct proportion to the temperature?

Answer 6

when the temperature is measured in kelvin and k is constant (Boltzmann constant)

Question 7

what properties of gases can be measured experimentally?

Answer 7

1 - weight of the gas
2- pressure exerted by the gas onto the walls of the container
3- volume occupied by the gas
4- the temperature of the gas