General Concepts Encephalon

Question 1

Mesencephalon is known as?

Answer 1

midbrain

Question 2

Prosencephalon is known as?

Answer 2

forebrain

Question 3

Rhombencephalon is known as?

Answer 3

hindbrain

Question 4

What end of the neural tube develops into the three enlargements known as the prosencephalon, mesencephalon, and rhombencephalon?

Answer 4

cranial end

Question 5

What end of the neural tube becomes the spinal cord?

Answer 5

caudal end

Question 6

What major divisions of the brain does the prosencephalon (forebrain) divide into?

Answer 6

• telencephalon
• diencephalon

Question 7

What major division of the brain does the mesencephalon (midbrain) divide into?

Answer 7

mesencephalon (midbrain)
Love this, stays the same

Question 8

What major divisions of the brain does the rhombencephalon (hindbrain) divide into?

Answer 8

• metencephalon
• myelencephalon

Question 9

What are the major derivates of the telencephalon?

Answer 9

• cerebral cortex
• basal nuclei

Question 10

What are the major derivates of the diencephalon?

Answer 10

• epithalamus
• thalamus
• hypothalamus

Question 11

What are the major derivates of the mesencephalon?

Answer 11

• tectum
• tegmentum
• cerebral peduncles

Question 12

What are the major derivates of the metencephalon?

Answer 12

• cerebellum
• pons

Question 13

What is the major derivate of the myelencephalon?

Answer 13

medulla oblongata

Question 14

The lumen of the telencephalon (cerebral cortex and basal nuclei) is?

Answer 14

lateral ventricles

Question 15

The lumen of the diencephalon (epithalamus, thalamus, and hypothalamus) is?

Answer 15

third ventricle

Question 16

The lumen of the mesencephalon (tectum, tegmentum, cerebral peduncles) is?

Answer 16

mesencephalic aqueduct

Question 17

The lumen of the metencephalon (cerebellum, pons) is?

Answer 17

Rostral part of fourth ventricle

Question 18

The lumen of the Myelencephalon (medulla oblongata) is?

Answer 18

Caudal part of fourth ventricle

Question 19

The lumen of the spinal cord is?

Answer 19

central canal

Question 20

What are the three functional divisions of the encephalon?

Answer 20

• cerebrum
• cerebellum
• brainstem

Question 21

The cerebrum includes what subdivision?

Answer 21

Telencephalon

Question 22

The brainstem includes what subdivisions?

Answer 22

• diencephalon
• mesencephalon
• metencephalon
• myelencephalon

Question 23

The space in the neural canal known as what is dorsal to the myelecephalon and metencephalon?

Answer 23

IV ventricle

Question 24

What is the passageway of ascending/descending projection neurons, cardiovascular and respiratory control, arousal/awareness, UMN nuclei, and CN VI-XII?

Answer 24

Medulla oblongata or myelencephalon

Question 25

The foor of the IV ventricle is known as?

Answer 25

rhomboid fossa

Question 26

What is the crossover of descending motor fibers and is considered the boundary between the encephalon and the spinal cord?

Answer 26

decussation of pyramids

Question 27

What is the passageway of ascending/descending projection neurons, arousal/awareness, UMN nuclei, and CN V?

Answer 27

pons or metencephalon

Question 28

What corresponds to the tree shape formation made by the white matter (axons) in the center of the cerebellum?

Answer 28

Abbor Vitae ("tree of life")

Question 29

What corresponds to the folds of the cortex (peripheral gray matter/neuron somas) of the cerebellum?

Answer 29

folias

Question 30

What is the passage of ascending/descending projection neurons, visual/auditory reflexes, arousal/awareness, UMN nuclei, CN III and IV?

Answer 30

mesencephalon

Question 31

The rostral and caudal colliculi make up what?

Answer 31

tectum

Question 32

The rostral colliculi are responsible for what?

Answer 32

visual reflexes

Question 33

The caudal colliculi are responsible for what?

Answer 33

auditory reflexes

Question 34

What is the gateway/relay center to forebrain, autonomic/homeostatic control, arousal/awareness, part of UMN control system, CN II?

Answer 34

diencephalon

Question 35

What sense skips the thalamus?

Answer 35

olfactory

Question 36

What gland is found dorsal and caudal position in the epithalamus, produces melatonin, and resembles a pine cone?

Answer 36

pineal gland

Question 37

What receives/processes sensory input, voluntary motor control, integration of information, memory/storage, behavior/mentation, and CN I?

Answer 37

telencephalon

Question 38

What is the deep grey matter of the cerebrum?

Answer 38

basal nuclei

Question 39

What is the superfiical grey matter of the cerebrum?

Answer 39

cortex

Question 40

The telencephalon contains what fibers?

Answer 40

- association - projection - commissurals

Question 41

What fibers associate areas in the same side (ipsilateral)?

Answer 41

association

Question 42

What fibers communicate superior with inferior areas and vice versa?

Answer 42

projection

Question 43

What fibers communicate contralateral areas, right with left and vice versa?

Answer 43

commissurals

Question 44

What are the large commissural fibers that connect the right and left hemispheres?

Answer 44

corpus callosum

Question 45

What is the group of subcortical nuclei within the brain responsible mainly for motor control?

Answer 45

basal nuclei

Question 46

What is the cerebral cortex involved in higher-order brain functions as sensory perception, cognition, generation of motore commands or spatial reasoning?

Answer 46

neocortex (neopallium)

Question 47

What part of the brain is involved with the sense of smell, and is close connected with the structures of the limbic system that control emotions and memory?

Answer 47

Rhinencephalon

Question 48

What is the group of brain structures involved in behavioral and emotional responses, especially for survival, feeding, reproduction and caring for our younf, and fight or flight reponses?

Answer 48

limbic system

Question 49

What structure is important for survival because it helps detect danger and automatically activate the fight or flight response?

Answer 49

amygdala

Question 50

What is the sea horse shaped part of the brain that plays a key role in memory, learning, and emotions?

Answer 50

hippocampus