General Considerations Flashcards
(24 cards)
What is the ‘vital sign’ in ophthalmology?
- vision/visual acuity
When must you check vision/visual acuity?
- before and after treatments
T/F: Patients should take abx drops home for daily treatment
- NO!
What is bitemporal hemiaopsia?
- loss of the lateral field of vision in each eye
What is monomus hemianopsia?
- loss of the right or left visual field in each eye
What does CN VI innervate?
- lateral rectus
What is the action of lateral rectus?
- ABDuction
What does CN IV innervate?
- superior oblique
What does CN III innervate?
- medial rectus
- inferior rectus
- superior rectus
- inferior oblique
What is the action of medial, lateral, and superior recti and inferior oblique?
- depress
- elevate
- ADDucts
What can problems with the muscles or nerves to the eye cause?
- “double vision” aka diplopia
What is the test to check muscle and nerve integrity?
- “close each eye, one at a time”
What do the results mean when testing muscle and nerve integrity?
- diplopia resolves = n. issue/abnormal movement
- diplopia remains = inherent eye issue
Define binocular diplopia
- each eye gazing (not in tandem) creates diplopia
What type of diplopia implies a problem in one eye?
- monocular
What are the two types of light reflexes?
- direct
- consensual
Define anisocoria
- pupillary asymmetry
Describe the light (direct) reflex
- pupillary constriction with direct light
Describe the consensual reflex
- contralateral pupillary constriction
Why does the consensual reflex occur?
- optic n. fibers cross
Define accomodation
- pupillary constriction when focusing on something near
Define Marcus Gunn pupil and what is it’s other name?
- defect causing pupillary dilation with direct light but will consensually constrict
- relative afferent pupillary defect
Define intraoccular pressure
- pressure in the anterior chamber of the eye
- IOP
What are the signs of acute angle glaucoma?
- eye pain
- n/v
- very high IOP
