General/definitions Flashcards by Manaal Arif

What are the 5Ps of formulation?
what are they used for?

RF and management plan
Presenting complaint
Predisposing
Precipitating
perpetuating
protective

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what do each of the 5Ps mean?

Presenting complaint - the problem they came in with

Predisposing - RF from before causing PC

Precipitating - Event causing Sx to occur

Perpetuating - what is keeping PC in the loop, perpetuating PC

Protective - things keeping them going

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what is the biopsychosocial model?

it is used for risk factors and Tx
Biological, psychological and social RF

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what are some Biopsychosocial RF?

Biologic - genetics, birth complications (eg. hypoxic ischemic injury), past MHx, DHx

Psychological - Trauma, abuse, self esteem, mood, personality

Social - relationships, finances, stress, culture

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what is included in a psych Hx?

same as general Hx +
PERSONAL Hx - Timeline from childhood to now
Suicide and self harm
Forensic Hx (legal involvement)

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what is the acronym for the Mental state exam?

ASEPTIC

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What does ASEPTIC stand for?

Appearance and behaviour
(dressing, eye contact, body language)

Speech
(rate, rhythm, tone, volume)

Emotion
(mood - ask directly how they are, Affect - appearance, voice + behaviour matches that)

Perception
(delusion, delperc)

Thought
(formation, stream of thoughts)

Insight
(reality awareness)

Cognition
(high in agitation, low/slow)

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Definitions:
Mental health disorder?

Disorder of mind, EXCLUDING ALCOHOL + DRUGS

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psychosis?

Loss of touch with reality and impaired function

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Neurosis?

Mood disorder (anx/depression) with NO REALITY loss but IMPAIRED FUNCTION

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hallucination?

UNREAL interpretation of an unreal stimulus eg. hearing voices

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Illusion?

UNREAL interpretation of a REAL stimulus

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Delusion?

FIXED FALSE UNSHAKABLE BELIEF OUT OF KEEPING WITH SOCIAL NORMS

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Overvalued idea?

strong belief but CAN BE CHALLENGED

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Delusional perception?

‘If A happens, B will happen’
Pathognamonic for schizophenia

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Flight of ideas?

Rapid stream of consciousness - jump between ideas

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Formal thought disorder?

Disordered pattern of speech as a result of disordered thoughts

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Knight move?

Illogical jumps between topics
eg. toys to weather

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Tangentiality?

DEVIATING FROM A POINT + NOT returning

Circumstantiality?

DEVIATING FROM A POINT but RETURNS

Speech types?

PRESSURE (mania = rapid)
POVERTY (Depression = less speech)

Munchenhausen?

Fabricating investigations and Sx to play SICK ROLE

mallingering?

Fabricating mental health issues for secondary gain (eg, avoid jail time)

Folie a deux?

stored delusion by 2 Px at the same time
Tx = separate the Px

clang? Neologisms? Echolalia? Confabulation? Word salad?

severe flight of ideas - words sound similar New words repeat words back making things up random words

Anhedonia? ideas of reference?

loss of interest in things prev interested in widespread eg. TV news message self directed

Depersonalisation?

thinks they're NOT REAL - nihilistic delusion

Derealisation?

thinks world around them isn't real

obsession?

Mental preoccupation, pervasive (eats into time), recurrent

Compulsion?

urge + action on obsession to obtain relief eg. OCD

Thought problems? (schiz)

Insertion withdrawal broadcast Passivity (external force controlling how u act)

Somatoform disorder?

Medically unexplained Sx (eg. IBS - No explanation)

hypochondriasis?

mental preoccupation that Px has cancer or severe illness despite multiple negative tests

Conversion disorder?

Neuro Sx (eg. weakness) in absence of pathology therefore put down to psych

What are 4 types of delusion?

Persecutory (MC) - Points the finger to blame others Grandiose (mania) Guilt and worthlessness Nihilistic (think you don't exist)

Eponymous: capgras? fregoli? Othello?

close relative replaced with imposter everyone is 1 person with masks partner unfaithful

De cleraumbault? Ekbom? Cotard?

erotomania (high status person M in love with Px F) Restless leg syndrome (painless calf cramping, 'creepy crawly') - often associated with Fe def anemia (Fe role in DA pathway) Tx = propanolol Belief Px is dead and rotting

When was the mental health act instated?

1983

to detain under the mental health act, what must be provided?

evidence of mental health condition and risk (society), will benefit from admission + Tx available

what principles are followed when detaining someone under the mental health act?

least restrictive Px is safe good wellbeing give good and effective treatment

When can the mental health act override the mental capacity act 2005?

Patient may be detained even is capacious

what is section 2 of the mental health act? Detained for how long? approval from? Renewable or non renewable?

28 day detained for investigations (non renewable) 2 Dr (1 S12 approv doc - ST4+) + Advanced mental health practitioner (AMHP - social worker) Non renewable

What is section 3 of the mental health act? Held for how long? Approval from? renewable or non renewable?

6 months for Tx 2 - doctor (as before) and AMHP Renewable (6 months, therefore 12m increments)

what sections can be used in patients and federal?

section 5 (2) by Dr and nurse section 135 and 136 by police

What is section 5 (2) for Dr vs Nurses? time held? awaiting?

72hr - Dr holding power (await S12 AMHP) 6hr - Nurse holding power (await dr)

section 135 + 136 how long do they have to admit? why?

135: 24-36 hr admit Px to access home 136: 24-36 hr admit Px with suspected mental health illness in a public place