General Grammer Flashcards
(344 cards)
1
Q
Perfect/ past tense- distinct start and end
A
Present tense avoir/etre
Add ending er-é, Ir-i, Re-u
With mrs vandertramp must agree
2
Q
Present tense avoir
A
Ai, as, a, avons, avez, ont
3
Q
Present tense etre
A
Suis, es, est, sommes, êtes, sont
4
Q
Present tense
A
Remove ending, add ending
Er- e,es,e,ons,ez,ent:
Ir- is,is,it,issons,issez,issent:
Re-s,s,-,ons,ez,ent
5
Q
Imperfect tense- used for regular activities, weather, description, feelings, opinions, done regularly, setting the scene, was/were -ing
A
Remove ending,
If ir add iss,
Add endings- ai,ais,ait, ions,iez,aient
6
Q
Future tense-simple
A
(Present) aller- vais, vas, va,allons,allez,vont +infinitive
7
Q
Future tense (other way)
A
Infinitive (must end in r, if re remove e) + ai,as,a,ons,ez,ont
8
Q
Le conditionnel- future tense with doubt eg. Would, should or could
A
Future stem with imperfect ending- ais,ait, ais,aions,iez,aient
9
Q
Pluperfect tense- past tense to talk about an action that happened before another action eg. The train had left when she arrived at the station
A
Imperfect tense avoir/étre- av/ét+ais,ais,ait,ions,iez,aient. +ending (on verb) er-é, ir-i, re-u
10
Q
Used to say someone did two different things, one after the other, not at the same time- only use when the person did both actions
A
Après+avoir(or être if MRS VANDERTRAMP), past participle of verb (add é i or u) and agree if etre, second action is usually in perfect tense
11
Q
Before doing something and then did something else also eg. Before watching a film, i finished my homework
A
Avant de+inf
12
Q
Near future- going to do
A
Aller (vais, va,va,allons,avez, vont) +inf
13
Q
Just done something eg. I have just finished my homework
A
Venir (viens, vient, vient, venons, venez, viennent) de +inf
14
Q
In the middle of doing something-i’m having lunch
A
Étre (suis,es,est,sommes,êtes, sont) +en train de+inf
15
Q
To play an instrument
A
De
16
Q
To play a sport/game
A
à
17
Q
Reflexive verbs
A
Me, te,se,nous,vous,se +present tense être which must agree with pronoun
18
Q
To have to
A
Dois,dois,doit,devons,devez,doivent
19
Q
To be able to
A
Peux,peux,peut,pouvons,pouvez, pouvent
20
Q
To want to
A
Veux,veux, veux, voulons, voulez, voulent
21
Q
Saying what hurts
A
Avoir mal +au/àla, à l’, aux+ body part
22
Q
When is qui used
A
Qui+verb
23
Q
When is que used?
A
Que+ person,
Must agree dop, verb agrees with the object it is describing
24
Q
Whilst/ by doing something- present participle
A
En + nous form of present, -ons, +ant
25
What are the exceptions for the present participle- by/whilst doing something
Être- étant, avoir-ayant, savoir- sachant
26
Not
Ne pas de
27
Never
Ne jamais de
28
Any more
Ne plus de
29
Nothing
Ne rien de
30
Nobody
Ne personne de
31
Neither nor
Ni ni
32
Only
Ne que
33
This/that
Ce- m sing, cette- f sing, ces- plural
34
Describing flavours
Au, à l’, à la, aux
35
You can
On peut
36
To a city or smaller
À
37
To a country
Au, en, aux
38
There was/were
Il y avait
39
My
Mon,ma,mes
40
Your
Ton,ta,tes
41
His/her
Son,sa,ses
42
Our
Notre,notre,nos
43
Your (p)
Votre, votre, vos
44
Their
Leur, leur, leurs
45
I cant wait
Je l’attends avec impatience
46
One of these days
Un de ces quatre
47
Of it/ them/some/any
En
48
To prefer (adj)
Favouri(te), préféré(e)
49
Already
Déjà
50
To meet- first time
Recontrer
51
To meet- again
Retrouver
52
For (a length of time)
Pendant- past, pour-not in past
53
Close to emotionally
Proche
54
Cant wait to do
Avoir hâte de+ inf
55
Reason
Raison
56
In 3 years time
D’ici trois ans
57
Visiting a place
Visiter
58
Visiting a person
Rendre visite à
59
You should
On devrait +inf
60
Is there
Y a-t-il?
61
To like/ appreciate
Apprécier
62
When i got there
Lorsque j’y suis arrivée
63
So
Alors
64
I decided to go
J’ai décidé d’aller
65
Opposite my house
En face de chez moi
66
Next to
À côté de
67
What i like the most
Ce qu j’aime le plus
68
Had (foodwise)
Pris
69
Healthily
Sainement
70
Class mate/friend
Camarade de classe
71
Superlative- The most/ least something
Le/la/les, plus/moins, adj(agree
72
Last
Dernier(masc), dernière (f)
73
The best/worst
La/le/les meilleur(es)/pire(s)+ noun
74
More than
Plus qu
75
As as
Aussi que
76
Less than
Moins que
77
Better
Miex
78
Worse
Pire
79
Adverbs
Feminine form of adjective add -ment (ent ending add emment, ant endings add amment), adverb normally after verb
80
I’m interested in
Je m’intéresse à
81
Have you?
Avez-vous
82
At what time
À quelle heure
83
Want
Veux
84
Job
Travail/emploi
85
Training
La formation
86
Accents on a and u
Only à and ù
87
When is é used
First or last letter, end of syllable
88
When is È used
If in middle syllable
89
Adjective agreement -x feminie
-se
90
-ve feminie
-ve
91
-er feminine
-ère
92
-on or -il feminine
Double n or l before adding e
93
Adjective positioning
Most after noun but some before (size, beauty, age, good/bad)
94
Future stem aller
Ir
95
Future stem avoir
Aur
96
Future stem etre
Ser
97
Future stem faire
Fer
98
Future stem savoir
To know- saur
99
Future stem pouvoir
To be able to-pourr
100
Future stem devoir
To have to-deur
101
Future stem vouloir
Voudr
102
Future stem prendre
To take- prendr
103
Imperfect stem aller
All
104
Imperfect stem avoir
Av
105
Imperfect stem etre
Ét
106
Imperfect stem faire
Fais
107
Imperfect stem prende
Pren
108
Imperfect stem savoir
Sav
109
Imperfect stem pouvoir
Pouv
110
Imperfect stem devoir
Dev
111
Imperfect stem vouloir
Voul
112
Past tense avoir
Eu
113
Perfect tense etre
Été
114
Perfect tense savoir
Su
115
Perfect tense pouvoir
Pu
116
Perfect tense devoir
Dû
117
Perfect tense vouloir
Voulu
118
Days of the week are what gender
Masculine
119
Seasons are what gender
Masculine
120
Gender -Most nouns that end in -age
Masc
121
Gender- most nouns ending in -er
Masc
122
Gender- most nouns end in -eau
Mac
123
Gender- countries ending in -e
Fem
124
Gender- most nouns ending in -e
Fem
125
Gender- most nouns end in -ée
Fem
126
Gender- all nouns ending in -sion or -tion
Fem
127
Gender- all nouns ending in -té
Fem
128
Pluralise -nouns ending in -al
-aux
129
Pluralise nouns ending in -eau
Add -x to end
130
Pluralise nouns ending in -eu
Add x
131
Plurlise some nouns ending in -ail
-aux
132
Pluralise some nouns ending in -ou
Add x
133
Abstract nouns
Talk about qualities (eg generosity, modisty)
| Always
134
My
Mon, ma mes
135
Your (inf)
Ton, ta , tes
136
His/her/its
Son, sa, ses
137
Our
Notre, notre, nos
138
Your (f)
Votre, votre, vos
139
Their
Leur, leur, leurs
140
Possessive adjective agreement
Agree with noun they describe not with the person that the noun belongs to
141
More than
Plus - que
142
Less than
Moins _ que
143
As _ as
Aussi _que
144
The _est eg. The biggest
Le/la/les plus
145
The best
Le meilleur/ la meilleure
146
The worst
Le/ la pire
147
Bad
Mauvais(e)
148
Good
Bon
149
Better
Meilleur(e)
150
Worse
Pire
151
Which
Quel/quelle/quels/quelles
| -must go next to the noun they describe
152
What
If not next to noun it describes but still agrees
| Quel/quelle
153
This/that
Ce/cette
154
These/those
Ces (both f&m)
155
This- before vowel/silent ‘h’
Cet/ cette (F)
156
To make this/these more clear
Ce/ces_-ci
157
To make that/those more clear
Ce/ces_-là
158
Chaque
Each
- sing noun
- use third person of verb with it
159
Quelque
Some
- agrees w/ word it describes
- add -s to quelque if plural
160
Each
Chaque
161
Some
Quelque (s)
162
Assez de
Enough of
163
Beaucoup de
A lot of
164
Une bouteille de
A bottle of
165
Une cannette de
A can of
166
Un kilo de
A kilo of
167
Un pot de
A pot of
168
Cinq cents grammes de
500g of
169
Un litre de
A litre of
170
Une boîte de
A tin of
171
Une tranche de
A slice of
172
Une tranche de
A slice of
173
Un paquet de
A packet of
174
Un morceau de
A piece of
175
Un quart de
A quarter of
176
La moitié de
Half of
177
Un tiers de
A third of
178
Rather (tall)
Plutôt
179
Enourmously
Énormément
180
Enough of
Assez de
181
A lot of
Beaucoup de
182
A bottle of
Une bouteille de
183
A can of
Une cannette de
184
A kilo of
Un kilo de
185
A pot of
Un pot de
186
500g of
Cinq cents grammes de
187
A litre of
Un litre de
188
A tin of
Une boîte de
189
A slice of
Une tranche de
190
A packet of
Un paquet de
191
A piece of
Un morceau de
192
A quater of
Un quart de
193
Half of
La moitié de
194
A third of
Un tiers de
195
Forming adverbs
Take fem fom of adjective add -ment
196
Real/really
Vraiment
197
Absolutely
Absolument
198
Adverb forming -ent
Emment
199
Adverb forming -ant
-amment
200
Positioning of adverb
Usually after verb they describe but can be at start of sentence for effect
201
Combien (De)
How many/much
202
Comment
How/what
203
Pourquoi
Why
204
Quand
When
205
Ways to ask a question
- Put q word at end and raise tone of voice
- put q word at start and add est-ce que
- put q word at start and invert subject and verb
206
Always
Toujours
207
Often
Souvent
208
Usually
D’habitude
209
Normally
Normalement
210
Sometimes
Quelquefois
211
From time to time
De temps en temps
212
Rarely
Rarement
213
Today
Aujourd’hui
214
Hier
Yesterday
215
Yesterday
Hier
216
Demain
Tomorrow
217
Tomorrow
Demain
218
Enfin/finalement
At last/finally
219
At last/finally
Enfin/finalement
220
D’abord
At first/firstly
221
At first/finally
D’abord
222
Aleady
Déjà
223
Tout de suite
Immediately
224
Immediately
Tout de suite
225
Maintenant
Now
226
Now
Maintenant
227
Plus tard
Later
228
Later
Plus tard
229
Here
Ici
230
Là-bas
Over there
231
Over there
Là-bs
232
Loin
Far
233
Far
Loin
234
Partout
Everywhere
235
Everywhere
Partout
236
Me
Moi
237
Toi
You
238
Lui
Him/it
239
Elle
Her/it
240
Nous
Us
241
Vous
You
242
Eux
Them (m)
243
Elles
Them (f)
244
Me
Moi
245
You(s)
Toi
246
Him/it
Lui
247
Her/it
Elle
248
Us
Nous
249
You (pl/f)
Vous
250
Them(m)
Eux
251
Them (F)
Elles
252
Quelqu’un
Someone
253
Cela
That
254
Ça
That
255
This one
Celui/celle-ci
256
That one
Celle/celui-là
257
Those (that)
Ceux (+qui/que)
258
Le mien/mienne/les miens/miennes
Mine
259
Yours
Le tien/tienne/ les tiens/tiennes
260
Le sien/sienne/les siens/siennes
His/hers/its
261
Le nôtre/les nôtres
Ours
262
Le vôtre/vôtres
Yours
263
Le leur/leurs
Theirs
264
Y
There/to there
265
En
Some/any/of it/of them
266
There/to there
Y
267
Some/any/of it/of them
En
268
Ne_guère
Hardly
269
Ne_aucun(E)
Not any
270
Hardly
Ne_guère
271
Not any
Ne_aucun(e)
272
Nobody/nothing at start of sentence
Personne/rien ne
273
Personne placement
After past participle
274
Ne que/ni ni placement
Whole of perfect tense
275
You must/ it’s necessary
Il faut
276
You must not
Il ne faut pas
277
You mustn’t/is forbidden
Il est interdit de
278
I need some
Il me faut de
279
It takes an hour to get there by car
Il faut une heure pour y aller en voiture
280
Il faut que + subjective
I must _
281
Il faut
It’s necessary/ you must
282
Il ne faut pas
You must not
283
Il est interdit de + inf
You mustn’t/ is forbidden
284
Il me faut de
I need some
285
Passive voice
Things that are done to something/someone
286
Passive voice in perfect
Etre + past participle
| Eg. The book is read - le livre est lu
287
Passive voice perfect
Change etre - il a été invité
288
Passive voice imperfect
Était- was finally built
289
Passive voice future
Sera- Will be sold
290
How long you had been doing somethng
Depuis + imperfect tense
| Eg. Had been waiting for - attendait depuis
291
Diff structures for si clauses
Si+present+future
| Si +imperfect+conditional
292
Contre
Against
293
Against
Contre
294
Entre
Between
295
Between
Entre
296
Sans
Without
297
Without
Sans
298
Sur
On
299
Sous
Under
300
Under
Sous
301
Vers
Towards
302
Towards
Vers
303
À côté de
Beside/next to
304
Beside/near to
À côté de
305
Opposite
En face de
306
En face de
Opposite
307
À cause de
Because of
308
Au lieu de
Instead of
309
Because of
À cauede
310
Instead of
Au lieu de
311
Ou bien
Or else
312
Or else
Ou bien
313
Et_et
Both_and
314
Both_and
Et_et
315
Puisque
Since/as/seeing that
316
Since/as/seeing that
Puisque
317
Lorsque
When
318
When
Lorsque
319
Avoir-present tense- have
Ai,as,a,avons,avez,ont
320
Etre-present tense-to be
Suis,es,est,sommes,êtes,sont
321
Aller- present tense
Vais,vas,va,allons,allez,vont
322
Faire present tense
Fais,fais,fait,faisons,faites,font
323
Prendre- present tense- to take
Prends, prends, prend, prenons, prenez, prennent
324
Dire- present tense- to say/till
Dis, dis, dit, disons, dites, disent
325
Voir- present tense- to see
Vois, vois, voit, voyons, voyez, voient
326
Rire- to laugh- present tense
Ris, ris, rit, rions, riez, rient
327
Mettre- present tense-to put
Mets, mets, met, mettons, mettez, mettent
328
Sortir- present tense- to go out
Sors, sors, sont, sortons, sortez, sortent
329
To know (how to)- present tense
Sais, sais, sait, savons, savez, savent
330
How many examples of each tense to give for french writing shorter essay
3
331
All/every
Tout-ms
Touts-mp
Tous-fs
Toutes-fp
332
Time/went
Le temps
333
Set amount of number of times/occurences
Fois
334
Which i study at school
Que j’etudie l’école
335
Faire present
Fais, fais , fait, faisons, faites, font
336
Prfect tense faire
Avoir + fait
337
Imperfect tense faire
Fais+ ending
338
Future tese faire
Fer+ ending
339
Vouloir- to want - prefect
Avoir+ voulu
340
Vouloir- imperfect
Voul
341
Vouloir- to want - future
Voudr
342
Direct object pronouns
- replac noun with it
| - le la les before verb
343
Indirect object pronouns
- to say to me, to him
- le (me/te/lui/nous/vous/leur)
- after pronoun eg. Je but before avoir eg. Ai
344
That
Cela /ça
| -used w/ il/ell/on
