General Knowledge Flashcards
(209 cards)
1
Q
Purpose
A
To provide HMCS Fredericton with a point-defence, damage-limiting, hard kill capability against air and surface targets.
2
Q
What frequency band does CIWS operate at?
A
13.4-14.4 GHz
3
Q
What power does CIWS transmit at?
A
25 kW peak
4
Q
Search Range
A
5 nm
5
Q
What is the rate of antenna rotation?
A
90 rpm
6
Q
What is the Track Ragne?
A
100m - 2nm
7
Q
What is the round capacity?
A
1580
8
Q
Muzzle velocity
A
3600 ft/s
9
Q
Rate of Fire
A
4500 rds/min (air)
3000 rds/min (surface)
10
Q
PTI Wavelength
A
8-12 micrometers
11
Q
Time from Battery Off to Air Ready
A
<5 min
12
Q
Time from Standby to Air Ready:
A
<0.1s
13
Q
Time from Air Ready to Aaw/Surface Modes:
A
<0.2s
14
Q
What is are the movement constraints?
A
+150° in azimuth, -25° to +80° in elevation
15
Q
What is the Track Rate?
A
100°/s (azimuth), 86°/s (elevation)
16
Q
What is the slew rate?
A
126°/s (azimuth), 92°/s (elevation)
17
Q
Firing Voltage:
A
300V DC, 0.5A
18
Q
Search Radar Platform movement
A
+30° (pitch and roll), 360° (azimuth)
19
Q
Track Radar Platform movement:
A
+15° (azimuth), -10° to +7.5° (elevation)
20
Q
What does the Remote Control Station (RCS) do?
A
HMI used by operators to remotely control CIWS, controls the system and displays engagements and system status.
21
Q
Where is the Remote Control Station located?
A
Ops Room
22
Q
Can the RCS perform maintenance functions?
A
No
23
Q
How does the RCS take control?
A
LCS key to “Standby/Maintenance”
RCS key to RCS
24
Q
Between the LCS and RCS, which one can always take control?
A
LCS can always take control by moving the key to “Operate”
25
What is the qualification of CIWS operators?
CIWS RCO (Remote Control Operator)
26
What does the Local Control Station do?
Displays system status, engagement status, indications, data readouts.
Ship's heading reference signal is passed through the LCS to the WCG computer.
Controls the system.
Can perform maintenance functions.
Engagement data can only be entered into WCG via the LCS.
27
Where is the LCS located?
FCER 3
28
How is engagement data entereted into the WCG computer?
Through LCS
29
What engagement data can be entered into the WCG computer?
No Engage Sectors
First Hit Range
Maximum Range Rate
Minimum Range Rate
30
What is used as the primary control station for CIWS?
RCS. LCS may be used if RCS is INOP.
31
Who mans the LCS during Action Stations
LCO qualified W Eng Armament Tech
32
What is PASS?
Parameter Analysis and System Storage
A computer that the maintainers use to run tests on the system.
33
Besides being used for maintenance, what can PASS do?
It can be used to store data from previous tracking runs and shoots for future analysis.
34
How is PASS accessed?
Through the LCS.
35
What does the Test Point Selector Unit (TPSU) do?
The TPSU allows maintainers to run BITs on the system (called SOTs and PSOTs) by allowing the operator to select test points called Test Interface Modules. It is run by the PASS computer.
36
What are the components of the Fire Control Subsystem?
Signal Generator
Transmitter
Track Radar
Search Radar
Microwave Receiver
Target Detection Processor (TDP)
Vertical Reference Unit (VRU)
Radar Servos
Weapons Control Group (WCG)
37
What the Fire Control Subsystem do?
It creates and processes the radar pulses and calculates the fire control solution.
38
What does the Signal Generator do?
Receives information from the WCG via the TDP and sends the RF signal to the Transmitter for amplification.
39
Where is the Signal Generator located?
On the Barbette.
40
How does the Signal Generator generate its own operating frequency?
There are 32 different kinds of oscillating crystals which exist, each capable of producing a different frequency. Each CIWS has 6 of these crystals, selected at random. The frequencies of these crystals combine (heterodyning) to produce their own unique operating frequency.
41
What does the Transmitter do?
Amplifies the RF signal produced by the Signal Generator
42
What type of amplifier does the Transmitter use?
Klystron type 25 kW peak power amplifier.
43
Where does the Transmitter send the amplified signal?
Through the Microwave Receiver to either the Track or Search Radar. A waveguide switch on the Receiver selects which one.
44
What can the Transmitter radiate into for maintenance?
Dummy Load
45
How is the Transmitter Klystron amplifier tuned to the crystal frequency?
The size of 5 resonant cavities are adjusted.
46
What is the average power of the Transmitter?
4 kW
47
How long does it take the Klystron amplifier in the Transmitter to warm up?
5 minutes.
48
How long does it take the Klystron amplifier in the Transmitter to warm up with battleshort activated?
<1 minute
49
What does the Track Radar do?
Tracks the target and the fall of the shot for CAC.
50
What type of radar is the Track Radar?
Monopulse radar
51
What is the physical construction of the Track Radar?
4x feed horns monopulse radar
52
What does the search radar do?
Searches for targets.
53
Where is the Search Radar located?
On the mount, at the very top, under the radome.
54
What frequency band does the Search Radar operate in?
J-band (10-20 GHz)
55
What is the primary mode of the Search Radar?
Low-PRF MTI (provides unambiguous range)
56
What is the secondary mode of the Search Radar?
High-PRF coherent Pulse Doppler radar (unambiguous velocity/range rate)
57
What is the physical construction of the Search Radar?
4x slotted arrays which provide narrowbeam azimuth and widebeam elevation coverage.
One array element (1) covers 10° in elevation and is positioned at 4.5° with respect to the mount, while the other three elements (2, 3, and 4) cover 20° each in elevation and are positioned at 20°, 40° and 60°, respectively.
58
What does the Microwave Receiver do?
Filters, amplifies, converts the return signal into 80 MHz (heterodyning). Used for both Track and Search Radars.
59
The Track Radar uses a monopulse comparator, where is this located?
In the Microwave Receiver. It contains two delta (difference) channels for traverse and elevation. Only used for Track Radar.
60
Where is the Microwave Receiver located?
On the Barbette.
61
What does the Target Detection Processor (TDP) do?
Filters and processes the data from the Search Radar to generate detections which are plotted on the search mapper. Tracks are created and passed to the WCG.
Identifies interference (jamming).
Passes commands from the WCG to the Signal Generator.
62
Where is the TDP located?
ELX Enclosure
63
How does the TDP deal with interference/jamming?
It recognizes interference/jamming by a rise in the average noise level. For bearings where this occurs, the TDP will not send antenna beam or range data. WCG recognizes those bearings as being jammed.
64
How does the TDP deal with interfering pulses from other CIWS units?
The TDP can detect interfering pulses form other CIWS units and use a delay of one PRT to remove the interference.
If low-PRF mode is being used, pulse compression is also performed (using a 11-bit Barker Code)
65
What does the Vertical Reference Unit (VRU) do?
Calculates roll, pitch, and yaw, heave, sway, surge about the Gun's axis. This data is passed to Servos for stabilization.
66
Where is the VRU located.
On the mount.
67
What does the VRU use to measure?
3x accelerometers, 2x gyroscopes.
68
What are the two Radar Servo units?
Search Radar Servo
Track Radar Servo
69
What does the Search Radar Servo do?
Stabilizes the platform for the rotating search antenna, stabilizes the bearing of the beam, and passes the Gun mount heading to the search radar when slewing during handover from Search to Track.
70
What does the Track Radar Servo do?
Provides limited track antenna angle search during acquisition mode, maintains radar boresight on the target during track mode, and provides antenna position (elevation and train) and rate (elevation, azimuth, and roll) information for use in Gun aiming.
That is to say it passes the antenna information to.. something.. for Gun aiming since the Track antenna will be aimed at the target.
71
Describe the Search antenna platform
The Search antenna is on a gimbaled platform and can move +_30 degrees in pitch and roll relative to the gun mount. It rotates 360 degrees at a fixed rate of 90rpms.
72
Describe the track antenna platform
The Track antenna is on a gimbaled platform and can move +_15 degrees in azimuth relative to the Mount and -10 to +7.5 degrees elevation relative to the mount. It cannot roll.
73
What does the Weapons Control Group (WCG) do?
Control over mode of operation.
Antenna selection and emission
Search processing (detection, threat evaluation)
Handover and acquisition
Fire control solution
Operability testing for automated portions of tests
LCS/RCS displays
74
Where is the WCG located?
Within the ELX Enclosure
75
How does the fire command work?
When the TDP has identified a target and the WCG determines it is a threat and within the firing cutouts, the WCG sends a recommend fire signal to the LSC/RCS.
In AAW Auto, the LCS/RCS immediately replies with a fire command.
In AAW manual, the LCS/RCS only gives the firing command when the operator presses the fire button.
76
Describe the physical construction of the Mount Elevation and Train Drive Assembly
One piece casting which provides structural support to the Gun Subsystem and Radar Servos and houses the Gun Servo ddrive components.
77
What is the configuration of the Gun Servos?
Two DC motors (labelled left and right) per axis to drive the Gun in elevation and train.
78
How does the mount fix its position in the acsence of a gyro feed?
Each servo motor for train and elevation will produce opposing torques. When a servo command is sent to the mount, it is amplified by the left and right servo amps and sent to the respective servo.
79
How fast can CIWS track in train?
100 degrees per second
80
How fast can CIWS track in elevation?
86 degrees per second
81
How fast can CIWS slew in train?
126 degrees per second
82
How fast can CIWS slew in elevation?
92 degrees per second
83
What is the difference between tracking and slewing?
During slewing, the system is faster but not as accurate and will overshoot the target. The track is slower but more precise.
84
Exolain no-engage sectors and firing cutouts.
No-engage sectors are software-implemented.
Firing cutouts are hardware-implemented.
CIWS will not begin an engagement in a no-engage sector but if it is already tracking a target, it will continue to track and fire into the no-engage sector.
CIWS will cease firing if the target enters the firing cutout and resume once it leaves.
No-engage sectors may be used to prevent CIWS from acquiring a friendly missile flying overhead for example.
85
Can CIWS be mechanically locked in elevation and train?
Yes, the elevation and train assemblies may be mechanically locked in place by electronic actuators to prevent movement in heavy sea states.
86
What are the components of the Gun Subsystem?
Gun, Pneumatic Gun Drive System, Gun Control Unit (GCU)
87
Where is the Gun located?
On the mount
88
Where is the Pneumatic Gun Drive System located?
On the Mount
89
Where is the Gun Control Unit located?
In the ELX Enclosure
90
What is the firing pattern while in AAW mode?
Fires continuously at 4500 rds/min
91
What is the firing pattern while in Surface mode?
Fires at either 1.2s burst or 2s burst at 3000 rds/min
92
What is the model of the Gun?
M61 Vulcan 20mm
93
How many barrels on CIWS
6 barrels, each with its own breech assembly
94
What do the breech assemblies do on the Gun?
Transporst rounds from the ammunition conveyor system to the chamber of its barrel, locks itself in place, applies the firing voltage, returns the spend casing/misfired round/clearred round back to the ammunition conveyor system.
95
Describe how rounds move from the ammunition drum to the breech and back.
During firing, the ammunition feed system removes rounds from the front of the ammunition drum and feeds them through the ammunition conveyor system to the transfer unit. After the round is fired, the empty casing is extracted from the breech and conveyed back to the rear of the ammunition drum
96
Describe how the rounds are stored inside the ammunition drum
Rounds are stored in a longitudinal helical pattern, with the base of the round facing outwards.
97
What is the firing voltage for CIWS?
300VDC, 0.5A
98
What component applies the firing voltage?
Firing pin within the breech.
99
How is a cease fire action performed in CIWS?
The barrel still rotates but the breech assemblies are lifted by a cam which forces the breech to travel overtop the barrel. Any rounds that are currently in breeches will sstill be chambered then extracted but no new rounds are picked up and no rounds are fired. Firing voltage is still applied by the firing pin does not contact the rounds.
Clearing cycle lasts 4 seconds, then a sensor in each barel sends a gun bore clear signal when there are no rounds or casings in its barrel.
A brake is also applied to decelerate the barrels faster.
100
How do we ensure CIWS does not fire into the ship?
There are seven elevation-train limit pairs which make up the firing cut-out.
There are also electrical firing limits.
101
How is spin imparted to the projectile?
The pusher surrounding the projectile imparts spin and is then discarded with the sabot.
102
Where is the indication that the Gun is ready to fire?
LCS/RCS
103
What does the Pneumatic Gun Drive System do?
The Pneumatic Gun Drive System provides the power to rotate the Gun and the ammunition drum.
104
How does the Pneumatic Gun Drive System work?
It takes air from the atmosphere, cleans, dries, compresses it, and stores it in an air bottle.
105
What is the capacity of the Pneumatic Gun Drive system's air bottle?
3150psi
106
When does the Pneumatic Gun Drive system's air bottle turn on?
When the bottle pressure drops below 2750 psi. Charges it back up to 3150psi
107
How much air pressure is used to actuate the gun?
220psi to begin actuation and 50-130psi to maintain at constant speed. It uses about 1250psi for a full firing cycle of a typical engagement of one threat.
108
How many firings can CIWS perform if the compressor fails?
The air bottle can maintain 3150psi.
A firing cycle uses about 1250 psi.
CIWS will atempt to fire if there is at least 280psi available.
This means the bottle is only good for 2 full firings.
109
What does the GCU do?
Generates and distributes voltages needed for Gun control and circuit operation.
Places the gun in either safe or armed condition.
Generates maintenance commands for Gun Subsystem checks.
Monitors and displays Gun Subsystem status.
Interrupts Gun firing if the gun is pointed in a firing cutout.
110
What are the components of the Electro-Optical Subsystem?
Phalanx Thermal Imager (PTI)
Electro-Optical Stabilization System (EOSS)
Acquisition Video Tracker (AVT)
111
What does the Electro-Optical Subsystem do?
Infrared detection and tracking of surface and low-flying targets.
112
In what mode(s) can the Electro-Optical Subsystem be used?
Both Surface and AAW modes.
113
Where is the Phalanx Thermal Imager (PTI) located?
On the mount, on the EOSS pedestal.
114
Where is the Electro-Optical Stabilization System (EOSS) located?
On the mount
115
Where is the Acquisition Video Tracker (AVT) located?
Run by circuitry inside the LCS
116
What wavelength does the PTI operate at?
8-12 micrometers
117
How does the PTI work?
It collectects infrared digital video and sends it via fibre optic cable to the AVT.
118
Describe the physical construction of the Electro-Optical Stabilization System
The EOSS is a two-axis pedestal mounted on the side of the CIWS radome. It contains its own RIGs (Rate Integrating Gyros) and motors for stabilization.
119
How is the PTI stabilized?
It is located on the EOSS pedestal which stabilizes it.
120
What does the Acquisition Video Tracker (AVT) do?
Receives the PTI video, processes it, tracks targets, sends EO Subsystem status and track info to the WCG.
121
What does the AVT do if the target disappears due to a wave or object or if contrast becomes too low temporarily?
The AVT will go into coast state. This lasts a predetermined amount of time (default is 0.5s), during which it will attempt reacquisition. After the coast state, it will return to the scan state.
122
Why does the AVT go into coast state when firing?
When CIWS fires, the WCG tells the AVT to coast IOT prevent bullets and splashes from corrupting the EO subsystem's input signals.
123
In what mode(s) does coasting happen?
Both Surface and AAW modes.
124
How are targets identified with the AVT in Surface mode?
The AVT compares the targets its found to stored target-typing masks (tank, truck, raft, patrol boat, ship, etc).
125
How are targets identified with the AVT in AAW mode?
The AVT compares its target with the WCG-supplied track target records (missile, helo, small aircraft, etc.). If there is a match, the target is declared real and identified. If not, it is declared an unknown target.
126
What does the Power Supply and Control Group (PSCG) do?
The PSCG controls distribution of 440V 3-phase 60Hz ship power within the CIWS. Separate 115V 1-phase 60Hz power is required fro LCS and RCS.
127
What type of power does CIWS use?
440V 3-phase 60Hz power
128
What type of power does the LCS and RCS use?
115V 1-phase 60Hz power
129
How does the PSCG protect CIWS?
THE PSCG continually monitors the quality of the supplied power. If it is out of tolerance, ti will stop passing the power.
130
What does the battle short on the PSCG do?
It will pass power to CIWS even if it is out of tolerance.
131
Where is the PSCG located?
Inside the Barbette.
132
What type of power does the PSCG produce from NATO Std power?
115V 1-phase 400Hz, DC voltages
133
What DC voltages does the PSCG produce?
Via the EM power supply: +55/-50VDC and +28VDC: power electro-mechanical subsystems and EO Subsystem
ELX power supply: +29.5VDC (for the servos); +28.5 and +8.5VDC (for logic); and +27VDC for the WCG.
134
What is the 28VDC power produced by the EM power supply used for?
Used to create 115V 1-phase 400Hz power for the VRU
135
What does the Environmental Control Group (ECG) do?
Dries intake air
Provides waveguide pressurization
Maintains necessary environmental control within CIWS subsystems
Uses a heater in the radome to prevent ice buildup
136
What ships system is used to cool the liquid coolant?
Seawater
137
What type of coolant is used for CIWS?
60/40 distilled water/glycol mix
138
What is the coolant used for?
Cools air fed to the electronic units and directly cools the Klystron amplifier, dummy load, and high voltage power supply components.
139
Where is the ECG located?
On the Barbette.
140
What projectile is used with CIWS?
Mk 244 ELC (Enhanced Lethality Cartridge)
141
Describe the Mk 244 ELC
20mm, Teflon four-petal discarding sabot, sub caliber (0.47 in dia), tungston-carbide penetrator, alminum pusher.
142
What is the muzzle velocity of the Mk244 ELC from CIWS
3600 ft/s
143
Why are dummy rounds loaded into CIWS when it is downloaded?
Ensures that no ammunition is left in mount while keeping weight in the ammunition drum as a counterweight.
144
Why is it important that CIWS be balanced properly with either live rounds or dummy rounds?
When the drum is empty, CIWS is off-balance and less stable. This makes it harder to move which increases the stress of its mechanical parts even when not moving.
145
Describe the layers of fault finding in CIWS
When a fault occurs, the first test is a SOT (System Operability Test). Then a FIT (Fault Isolation Test) is performed
146
What is a SOT/PSOT/DSOT?
A series of tests within CIWS that provides the tech with a fualt code. The tech then reference the BITE Book which references the cord to a particular subsystem.
147
What is Fault Isolation Test (FIT)
The tech uses circuit diagrams and system codes IOT verify voltage outputs at various test points.
148
What are the modes of operation of CIWS?
Battery Off, Standby, Air-Ready, AAW, Surface
149
Describe Battery Off mode
ECG is active to provide heating/cooling as required and to provide waveguide pressures. PSCG only provides 115VAC 1-phase 60Hz power.
150
Describe Standby mode
Power is supplied to the PSCG which provides other power types. Klystron is warmed up.
This mode is used during maintenance and loading.
151
In what mode is matenance and loading done?
Standby mode.
152
Describe Air-Ready mode
The Pneumatic Gun Drive System and the ELX Enclosure receive power. The WCG loads its software. The WCG loads its software, which takes about 5s. The system is now ready to switch to an engagement mode. ELX Green signal is sent.
153
Describe AAW mode
The system searches for air threats using its search Radar and hands targets over to the Track Radar.
In Auto mode, the system will automatically fire. In Manual mode, the system will recommend fire and the operator must press the fire button.
After engagement, the system returns to Air Ready.
154
How does CIWS assign a responsible tracker?
If the EO system is active, the PTI will be slaved to the Track Radar boresight. The ACT will check if target information matches that gathered by the Track Radar (correlates). The WCG then decides which track data is of higher quality and assigns that the responsible tracker.
If the tracks no longer correlate, the WCG defualts back to the RF Track.
155
Describe Surface Mode
The CIWS is controlled manually at the RCS or LCS.
Range is determined using the Search Radar but it can also be by manually entering it or using passive range triangulation.
The Search Radar is still active and if a threat is detected, the system will automatically enter AAW mode. (AAW Override)
This mode is also referred to as PSum.
156
How do we get AAW override not to occur
Must enter Surface mode directly from Air Ready
157
If the system is in manual and switches between AAW and surface, will it stay in manual?
Yes. Same if it is in Auto, it will stay in Auto.
158
What are the system interfaces?
EPG&D
Veto Panels
SLA-10B Blanker
Sea Water Services
HVAC
Nav Suite
CMS
159
How does CIWS interface with the Veto Panel?
for electrically safe
160
What does the SLA-10B Blanker do?
CIWS sends blanking pulses to SLA-10B Blanker to protect ELISRA
161
How does SWS interface?
Used for cooling. Obtained via a riser from the firemain between frames 43 and 47.5.
162
How does HVAC interface?
cooling the spaces
163
How does the Nav Suite interface?
Non-critical user, fed from NDS Main A.
Translates CIWS' relative bearings into true bearings. This is important for its integration with CMS.
164
How does CIWS interface with CMS?
Interfaces via fibre switches. PTI video passes to CMS through the VSU
165
R+S
Battleshort
Emergency cooling
Bottle stores 2x firings worth
166
What does battleshort do?
Available at RCS and LCS, overrides system faults.
167
Where can CIWS get emergency cooling?
A hose in the STBD Hangar Lobby provides ____
168
What is unique about CIWS battleshort?
Many other CSE systems will still shutdown with battleshort. CIWS will not. It will sacrifice itself IOT finish the engagement because it is designed as the last line of defence against missiles. Therefore, use caution with battleshort as it may result in catastrophic damage to CIWS.
169
What are safety considerations for CIWS?
High voltage precautions
RADHAZ
Misfires
Safety Firing Arcs
Electrically Safe
Mechanically Safe
Keys
Ammunition safety
Beryllium oxide in Klystron (HAZMAT)
170
What happens in case of a misfire?
2 minute hangfire time plus 30 minute wait time which allows gasses to dissipate before attempting to remove the round.
171
What is the difference between a Hot Gun and a Cold Gun?
Hot gun: barrel is hot: 300rds fired within 5min.
172
What reference for misfire drill?
NCPM 1000 v6.0
173
What are the Safety Firing Arcs of CIWS?
An arc +80° from the firing bearing, with a range of 14 000yds and an elevation of 20 000ft (PACs and surface firings) or 30 000ft (air firings) must be observed.
174
What is the reference for Saftey Firing Arcs for CIWS?
NAVORD 4995-0
175
How is CIWS electrically safe?
Veto Panel, Hold Fire button at RCS/LCS
176
How is CIWS mechanically safe?
FIK (Firing Integrity Key) removed and Sector Holdback Tool inserted
177
What keys are there for CIWS
Maintenance keys for each LCS and RCS (interchangable with eachother)
LCS plug
178
Where is the FIK kept
weapons keyboard
179
What does the LCS plug allow?
Radiating, fire, slewing
180
What reference for ammunition safety?
NAVORD 3002-3 RCN Ammunitions and Explosives Safety Program
Ammunition and Explosives Safety Manual Volume 3 (Ships)
181
Where does the FIK insert?
In the STBD ELX Enclosure
182
What is the Sector Holdback tool?
Resembles a large fishhook and is inserted into the Gun. It mechanically prevents the breeches from taking the firing path and forces to the clearing path by lifting a cam.
183
How is radiating controlled for CIWS?
There is no MAS, instead the emitter is controlled by removing the keys in the RCS and LCS.
184
What is the Mount Safety Switch?
Located on STBD ELX Enclosure. Has three positions: Operate, Manual, Safe.
Manual is used for uploads/downloads.
First person on Hangar Top switches it to Manual or Safe, last person switches it back to Operate.
185
T+T
INO
DSOTs
PSOTs
FITs
Combat Systems Alignment Test
186
Describe INOs, give reference.
Inspection of Naval Ordinance every 6 months or 3000 rds
NAVORD 3470-2
187
Describe DSOTs
Daily System Operability Tests. Eight tests run daily to test functionality.
188
Describe PSOTs
Performance System Operability Tests. 17 tests (numbered PSOT 10-28 with no PSOT 19) which are run to perform detailed checks of system functionality and individual circuits.
189
What is the minimum firing voltage for the CIWS ammunition?
28V
190
Where is the firing cut-out implemented?
GCU
191
Who can perform the all clear of live ammunition after a download?
CSEO
192
How is the all clear of live ammunition done after a download?
CIWS has to run a full cycle three times with dummy rounds in it.
193
How many targets can CIWS search, process, calculate the fire control solution, and engage?
The CIWS can search for 128 targets, process 15, calculate FCS for 3, and engage 1 at a time.
194
How much time is required for an upload?
1 hour.
195
What external testing equipment is used?
Radar servo maintenance unit.
Oscillioscope.
196
What information is passed to CMS?
To CMS: Bore indication, mode indication, rounds remaining.
From CMS: Search sectors input, no-engage sectors input, hold fire toggling, veto status.
197
List the steps to your functional description:
Search
Detection
Target Declaration & Engagement Criteria
Track Acquisition
Tracking
Firing
Target Destruction
198
What are the Engagement Criteria of CIWS?
Not under engagement by another own-ship CIWS
Not in a no-engagement initiate sector
Has a high range rate within designated limits
Was detected on four or more scans in low-PRF and three or more scans in high-PRF mode
Range and closing velocity that fall within engagement boundary
199
How does CIWS target detection work?
After the search beam sweeps over a target, and the target signal exceeds the detection threshold for a sufficient number of RF pulses during the scan, a start angle is recorded. Once it has swept past the target, a stop angle is recorded. The start, stop, range, beam, and mode (low or high PRF) are saved and sent to the WCG within 24ms.
200
How many detections are required for a target to be valid?
Two or more search antenna scans.
201
How does CIWS select which target to engage?
The one with the largest range rate to range ratio (the one that will hit the ship first).
202
At what point is the target handed over from the Search Radar to the Track Radar?
When the Gun and Track Radar are within 3 degrees of the target bearing.
203
What lamp indications are lit on the RCS/LCS?
SEARCH - Search Radar attempts to detect a valid target.
ASSIGN - Handover to Track Radar
TRACK - Target lock achieved (audible buzzer)
RECOMMEND FIRE - Within intercept range
FIRE - While firing
KILL - Kill criteria met
204
When is Target Lock (TLI) acheived?
Range gate is split 3 times, reaching a final width of one-eighth the original width.
Track Radar servos drive azimuth and elevation errors to 6 milliradians or less.
205
What information is required for Target Lock?
Doppler, Range, Direction
206
How does CIWS maintain situational awareness while tracking?
CIWS periodically switches to the Search Radar during tracking.
207
What does the warning shot capability do?
5-15 round burst, activated by pressing the short burst button.
208
What are the kill-criteria in AAW mode?
Target speed less than minimum required
Target detection lost and cannot be reacquired.
Computed target maneuver exceeding 8G is required to intercept the ship.
209
