general knowledge - theme 1 Flashcards
(19 cards)
Name Aquinas’ 3 cosmological ways to prove the existence of God
- the unmoved mover
- the uncaused causer
- contingency and necessity
Who is the Kalam (cosmological) argument by?
- William Lane Craig
How many points does the Kalam argument contain?
4
What did the original Kalam argument state?
- Everything having a cause was a simple law of the universe.
Which argument is Craig’s argument similar to?
- Aquinas’ second way
Which point does Craig defend?
- Second point
State Hume’s 4 criticisms of the cosmological argument
- Fallacy of composition
- Meaningfulness
- Evidence objection
- Which God?
How many teleological arguments are there?
3
What is the teleological argument also known as?
- The design argument
Name the three teleological arguments and who they are made by.
1) Aquinas - Design Qua Regularity
2) Paley - Design Qua Purpose
3) Tennant - modern version (Anthropic + Aesthetic)
What is Design Qua Regularity?
- the universe is too regulated to have come about by chance, therefore, it must have a designer - God.
What is Design Qua Purpose?
- objects (e.g eyes) are too specific a purpose to have come about by chance, therefore, it must have a designer - God.
What does Anthropic mean?
- related to human being
What does Aesthetic mean?
- related to study of beauty
State Hume’s 4 criticisms of the teleological argument.
- Problem with analogies
- Lack of design
- More than one God
- Absent designer
How many modern scientific criticisms are there?
2
State the names of the modern scientific criticisms.
- Big Bang theory
- Theory of evolution
Name the 3 ontological arguments
- Saint Anselm of Bec
- Descartes
- Norman Malcolm
Name the 2 criticisms of the ontological arguments
- Gaunilo
- Kant (existence is not a predicate + analytical criticism)
