General Mechanisms of Disease Flashcards
(14 cards)
What are the five different tissue types?
Epithelial
Connective tissue
Haemato-lymphoid
Neuro-glial
What are the different tissue types within epithelium?
squamous
glandular
solid organs
What are the broad tissue types within connective tissues?
Fibrous blood vessels Fat muscle Bone Cartilage
What factors may cause environmental changes to a cell?
Physical factors Chemical factors Infection Nutrition Changing functional demands Hormonal factors Immune responses
What factors of stress may result in cell injury?
Intense stress
long-lasting stress
Specific type of stress
What factors affect the progression from environmental stress to cell injury?
Type of change Intensity of change Sensitivity of cell Lack of protective factors Timing of the change
What categories of disease are important to consider in the surgical sieve model?
Vascular infective / inflammatory traumatic autoimmune metabolic iatrogenic / idiopathic neoplastic congenital degenerative / developmental endocrine / environmental functional
Give examples of physical agents which can cause disease?
mechanical trauma such as strictures, hernias and adhesions
temperature extremes
ionising radiation
electric shock
Give examples of chemical agents which can cause disease?
drugs
poisons
environemental agents
occupational hazards
What is hypoxia?
Deficiency of oxygen can be caused by anaemia or respiratory failure
What is ischaemia?
Reduction in blood supply to a tissue which may be caused by blockage of arterial supply or venous drainage
Ischaemia results in the depletion of oxygen and nutrients. T/F?
True
How does hypoxia cause a decrease in ATP?
It disrupts oxidative respiratory processes the mitochondria in a cell
What factors do you need to comment on when describing a pathological specimen?
size shape colour texture both normal and abnormal
