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(52 cards)

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1
Q

Symbols on Admiralty Charts

A

Chart 5011

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2
Q

International Regulations for Preventing Collision at Sea

A

MISC Pub 127

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3
Q

Three methods of calibrating a log

A

Dutchmans Log, GPS over measured 1nm, Dan Buoy

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4
Q

3 types of Nav Warnings

A

NAVAREA, Coastal, Local

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5
Q

Fetch

A

The long distance travelled by winds and waves over open water

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6
Q

4 Gyroscopic Laws

A

Gyroscopic Precision, Gyroscopic Inertia, Gravity, Earth’s Rotation

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7
Q

5 Gyro Errors

A

Lattitude, Ballistic, Speed, Rolling, Lock in

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8
Q

5 limitations of GPS

A

Spoofing, Over Reliance, Dilution Of Satelites, Human Error

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9
Q

3 Types of Speed Logs

A

DVL, Dutchamn’s Log, EM Log

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10
Q

3 Categories that effect radar detection

A

Material, Size, Shape

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11
Q

Unintentional Radar interference

A

Rain, Sea, Floating Objects

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12
Q

Luminous Range

A

The max distance at which it can be seen, determined only by its intensity and the prevailing visibility

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13
Q

Geographic Range

A

the max distance a light can reach an observer as determined by the height of the observer, the lights elevation and the curvature of the earth

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14
Q

Nominal Range

A

Is a lights luminous range for a meteorological visibility of 10 miles.

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15
Q

layers in the earth atmosphere

A

Troposphere, Stratosphere, mesophere, thermosphere, exosphere

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16
Q

Four processes for forming Clouds

A

lifting, expansion, cooling, condensation

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17
Q

Confined Waters

A

Any condition in which the navigation is constrained due to a decrease in available waters in relation to the proximity of land, dangers and navigational hazards

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18
Q

Restricted Manoeuvering

A

Any condition where the ships machinery or external factors such as tugs, navigational hazards or weather impede the ships manoeuvrability.

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19
Q

PDOP, HDOP, VDOP, TDOP, GDOP,

A

Position, Horizontal, Vertical, Time, Geometrical

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20
Q

AFTP 1

A

General Orders

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21
Q

AFTP 4

Study These Flashcards
A

Fleet Training

22
Q

AFTP 9

23
Q

Aus NAVAREA

Study These Flashcards
A

NAV AREA 10 - 16 total

24
Q

Laser Range bino limitations

Study These Flashcards
A

Metal objects, magnetic field can cause errors, accuracy diminshed through bridge windows, not as effective in damp/wet weather
effective range approx 3nm

25
RADAR Definition
Radio Detection and Ranging
26
Transmitting Path
Transmitter, Duplexer, reciever, display
27
Reflective Properties
Material, Shape and Size
28
Super Refraction
Occurs when a visible light or radar wave is bent DOWN around the Earth’s surface in a duct. = Increased horizon and detection ranges. Experienced in: - High latitudes (sea surface very low) - Anticyclonic conditions, light winds and calm - Trade Wind zones - Coastal waters (warm air over a cool sea) - Behind cold front of a depression
29
Sub-Refraction
Opposite to Super Refraction and occurs less frequently. - Decreases normal detection range - Temperature and humidity causes radar wave to bend UPWARDS instead of down. - May be reduced to the point that contacts are visible by eye, but not displayed on radar. Expected in: - Cool air over a warmer sea (coastal waters – especially Polar regions IVO very cold land masses or ice fields) - Warm moist air over the sea (increase in humidity with altitude may occur)
30
Attenuation
- Attenuation is the absorption and scattering of radar transmissions by rain and other forms of precipitation which may substantially affect radar performance. Rain, Ice, Hail and Snow may affect attenuation.
31
Confined Waters Examples
Berthing/Unberthing, Buoy Approach
32
wave length
the horizontal distance from a crest to the next succeeding crest of a wave, or between two corresponding points on successive waves
33
wave height
the vertical distance of a crest above the troughs on either side. This is the Crest-to-Trough height, not the height of the crest above the still water line
34
wave period
time which elapses between the passage of two successive wave Crests past a fixed point
35
Swell
waves that continue through their own momentum after the wind has stopped generating them
36
Period of encounter
the time which elapses between the passage of two successive wave Crests past a moving point
37
Sagging
convex bending of the hull usually due to greater buoancy fore and aft. Frequent when a vessel has full tanks
38
Hogging
Concave bending of the hull, usually due to greaterr buoyancy amidships.
39
Pooping
- Ship’s length is similar to wave length - Ship’s speed is slower than wave speed Wave may overtake the ship and break over its stern. Water will then sweep along upper decks at 1 ½ times wave speed, causing substantial damage
40
Broaching
- Ship’s length is similar to wave length - Ship’s speed is similar to wave speed Ship may ‘run’ for some time on crest of wave. Much more hazardous than being pooped.
41
Trigger Mechanisms
Convection, Turbulence, Orographic, Widespread Ascent (frontal)
42
5 factors affecting tides
Astronomical, Meteorological, Geographic, Resonance, Seismic waves
43
Four influences on tides
Declination and position of moon, of sun, latitude of the port, Natural resonance of the water
44
information on Echo Sounders
depth measured from, reporting units, standard report, date of last calibration, result of calibration
45
Possible Errors
Error depth calculation, operator read error, tranducer seperation error, false echoes, weak echoes
46
Calibrating echo sounder
Bar Check, Lead Line
47
Tropical Cyclone Formation Requirements
1. An area of pre-existing low pressure 2. Surface temp >26 3. A min 5N/S 4. Upper level divergence 5. Little or no vertical wind shear
48
3 types of charts
Mercator, Gnomic projection, Transverse Mercator
49
Chart Reliability
Date of Survey, Survey Authourity, Type of survey, scale of chart, status of T's and P's, Topography, ZOC diagrams, completeness of coast lines
50
Nadir
The point on the celestial sphere vertically below the observer
51
apoggee/perigee
Moon and Earth
52
Aphelion/perihelion
Sun and Earth

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