General Notes

Question 1

4.3 Control of Communications
In communications between aeronautical ground stations and aircraft stations, which station retains control of communications?

Answer 1

The Aircraft shall comply with instructions given by the ground station

Question 2

4.3 Control of Communications
In communications between aeronautical ground stations and aircraft stations (except in cases of distress or urgency communications) in what matters shall the aircraft station comply?

Answer 2

The Aircraft station shall comply with instructions given by the ground station in all matters relating to the ORDER and TIME of the transmission, the CHOICE OF FREQUENCY and DURACTION and SUSPENSION OF COMMUNICATIONS

Question 3

4.3 Control of Communications
In communications between aeronautical ground stations and aircraft stations during cases of distress or urgency communications, which station retains control of communications?

Answer 3

DURING DISTRESS OR URGENCY Communications, control lies with the station initiating the priority call.

Question 4

4.3 Control of Communications
In communications between aircraft stations, which aircraft is the controlling station?

Answer 4

In communications between aircraft stations, the AIRCRAFT BEING CALLED is the controlling station.

Question 5

4.4 Superfluous Communications and Interference
In accordance with the Radiocommunication Regulations, what type of communications is strictly prohibited?

Answer 5

In accordance with subsection 32(1) of the Radiocommunications Regulations, superfluous communication, as well as profane and obscene language is strictly prohibited.

Question 6

4.4 Superfluous Communications and Interference
In what situation may a station interrupt or interfere with normal workings of another station?

Answer 6

The only situation under which a station may interrupt or interfere with the normal working of another station is when a station is required to transmit a higher priority call or messages, for example: distress, urgency or other priority calls or messages.

Question 7

5.4 Transmission of Numbers
How are whole thousands transmitted?

Answer 7

Whole thousand numbers should be transmitted by pronouncing each digit in the number of thousands followed by the word “thousand”, for example, 11,000 becomes “ONE ONE THOUSAND”

Question 8

5.4 Transmission of Numbers
How are monetary denominations transmitted?

Answer 8

Monetary denominations, when transmitted with groups of digits, should be transmitted in the sequence in which they are written, for example, $123.45 becomes “DOLLARS ONE TWO THREE DECIMAL FOUR FIVE”

Question 9

5.4 Transmission of Numbers
How are Aircraft Headings transmitted?

Answer 9

Aircraft headings are given in groups of THREE DIGITS, for Example, heading 005 degrees becomes “HEADING ZERO ZERO FIVE”

Question 10

5.4 Transmission of Numbers
How are Aircraft Headings expressed within the Southern Domestic Airspace?

Answer 10

If operating in the Southern Domestic Airspace, the headings is expressed in degrees “magnetic”

Question 11

5.4 Transmission of Numbers
How are Aircraft Headings expressed within the Northern Domestic Airspace?

Answer 11

If operating in the Southern Domestic Airspace, the headings is expressed in degrees “true”

Question 12

5.7.1 Calling
What stations are entitled to interrupt a transmission at any time?

Answer 12

A Station which has distress, urgency, or safety communications to transmit is entitled to interrupt, at any time, a transmission of a lower priority message that is in progress.

Question 13

5.7.1 Calling
In a Single Station Call, what items (in order) shall be transmitted?

Answer 13

1. The call sign of the station called
2. The words “THIS IS”.
3. The call sign of the station calling
4. The frequency on which the calling station is transmitting.
5. The invitation to reply (“OVER”).

Question 14

5.7.1 Calling
In a All Stations General Call, what items (in order) shall be transmitted?

Answer 14

1. ALL STATIONS (three times)
2. The words “THIS IS”.
3. The call sign of the station calling
4. The frequency on which the calling station is transmitting.
5. The invitation to reply (“OVER”).

Question 15

5.7.1 Calling
In a Multiple Stations Call, what items (in order) shall be transmitted?

Answer 15

1. The call sign of the station
   1b. The call sign of the station
   1c. The call of sign of the station
2. The words “THIS IS”.
3. The call sign of the station calling
4. The frequency on which the calling station is transmitting.
5. The invitation to reply (“OVER”).

Question 16

5.7.2 Replying
How does an operator hearing a call directed to their station reply?

Answer 16

Operators hearing a call directed to their station shall reply as soon as possible and advise the calling station to proceed with the message with the words “GO AHEAD”, or not to proceed with the message with the words “STAND BY”, followed by the anticipated number of minutes of delay.

Question 17

5.7.2 Replying
How does an operator act when hearing a call they are not certain was directed to their station?

Answer 17

When station operators hear a call but are uncertain that the call is intended for their station, they should not reply until the call has been repeated and understood.

Question 18

5.7.2 Replying
How does an operator act when hearing a call but are not sure of the identity of the calling station?

Answer 18

When station operators hear a call but are not sure of the identity of the calling station, they should reply immediately using the words “STATION CALLING”, the called station’s identification, and the words “SAY AGAIN” and “OVER”.

Question 19

5.7.3 Corrections and Repetitions
When an error has been made in transmission, how does an operator issue a correction?

Answer 19

When an error has been made in transmission, the word “CORRECTION” should be spoken, followed by the last correct word or phrase and then by the corrected version of the transmission.

Question 20

5.7.3 Corrections and Repetitions
When receiving a transmission that requires repetition of transmission, how does an operator transmit a request for repetition?

Answer 20

If the receiving station requires the repetition of an entire message, the operator should use the words
“SAY AGAIN”.

Question 21

6.1 Emergency Communications
In the aeronautical service, what is the degree of danger or hazard classified as “Distress”?

Answer 21

A condition of being threatened by grave and/or imminent danger and requiring immediate assistance.

Question 22

6.1 Emergency Communications
In the aeronautical service, what is the degree of danger or hazard classified as “Urgency”?

Answer 22

A condition concerning the safety of an aircraft or other vehicle, or of someone on board or within sight, but which does not require immediate assistance.

Question 23

6.3 Frequencies to be Used
What Frequencies are to be used during the transmission of a distress call?

Answer 23

The first transmission of the distress call and message by an aircraft should be made on the air-ground frequency in use at the time. If the aircraft is unable to establish communications on the frequency in use, the distress call and message should be repeated on the aeronautical emergency frequency
(121.5 MHz)

Question 24

6.7 Distress Call
What should a Distress Call transmission comprise, and in what order?

Answer 24

1. the distress signal “MAYDAY” spoken three times;
2. the words “THIS IS”;
3. the call sign of the aircraft in distress spoken three times.

Question 25

6.7 Distress Call Following a Distress Call transmission, what acknowledgement does the station calling await before sending the Distress Message?

Answer 25

The distress call shall not await acknowledgment of receipt from a receiving station before the distress message is sent.

Question 26

6.7 Distress Call During a Distress Call transmission, what station does the transmitting station address their Distress Call?

Answer 26

The distress call shall not be addressed to a particular station.

Question 27

6.8 Distress Message What elements, and in what order, shall be included in the distress message immediately following a Distress Call transmission?

Answer 27

1. the distress signal “MAYDAY”; 2. the call sign of the station in distress (once); 3. the nature of the distress condition and kind of assistance required (i.e. what has happened); 4. the intentions of the person in command; 5. the particulars of its position (airspeed, altitude, heading); 6. the number of persons on board and injuries (if applicable); 7. any other information that may facilitate rescue; 8. the call sign of the station in distress.

Question 28

6.9 Repetition of Distress Message Under what conditions shall a Distress Message be repeated?

Answer 28

The distress message shall be repeated at intervals by the aircraft in distress until an answer is received or until it is no longer feasible to continue. The intervals between repetitions of the distress message shall be sufficiently long to allow time for stations receiving the message to reply.

Question 29

6.14 Acknowledgement of Receipt of a Distress Message In what form and order shall acknowledgement of receipt of a distress message be given?

Answer 29

1. the distress signal “MAYDAY”; 2. the call sign of the station in distress (spoken three times); 3. the words “THIS IS”; 4. the call sign of the station acknowledging receipt (spoken three times); 5. the words “RECEIVED MAYDAY”.