General Revision Flashcards
(39 cards)
What is mental illness?
A diagnosable illness that significantly affects how a person feels, thinks, behaves, and interacts with other people (sometimes the term mental disorder is also used to refer to mental illness).
In Australia, the classification and diagnosis of mental illnesses is mostly done according to what?
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders - Fifth Edition (DSM-5).
Who diagnoses mental illnesses?
Psychiatrists, some psychologists, and medical practitioners
What does CHIME stand for?
Connections
Hope
Identity
Meaning
Empowerment
What is recovery?
Recovery means being able to create, and live, a meaningful and contributing life in a community of choice - with or without the presence of mental health issues.
What is a Mental Health Assessment?
Similar to a primary health assessment and is designed to gain an overall picture of the person and their mental health (i.e. previous hospitalisation, family history, current concerns, etc).
What is a Mental State Examination?
A structured tool of describing a persons current mental health based on interaction and observations.
What are some elements of a Mental Health Assessment?
- Presenting problem for the person
- History of presenting problems (onset, duration, course, severity)
- Strengths and goals for the person
- Current functioning across domains (e.g. employment/education, family, social, etc)
- Relevant cultural issues (personal and family)
- Previous mental health concerns or illnesses (personal and family history)
- Current medications
- Medical history
- Family history
- Developmental history
- Substance use
- Forensic and legal history
- Risk screen (for example, suicide, self-harm, aggression, vulnerability)
What are the elements of a MSE?
- Behaviour and Appearance
- Speech
- Mood & Affect
- Thought Form
- Thought content
- Perception
- Orientation & Memory
- Insight and judgement
- Risk
What legislation allows treatment without consent of the consumer in NSW?
Mental Health Act 2007 (NSW)
What does the limbic system consists of?
Amygdala, Hippocampus, Thalamus and Hypothalamus.
Important for dopamine, serotonin & gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
What is the function of the Limbic System?
- Role in learning, memory and emotions
- Visceral responses with motivational states
- Regulates anger, fear, anxiety, pleasure, sorrow, rage, sexual arousal
What does the Amygdala do?
- Involved in emotions.
- Decides how and where memories are stored in the brain.
- Connected to fear and anxiety response.
What does the Hippocampus do?
Involved in learning and memory (automatic unconscious/simple memory)
What does the Thalamus do?
Relay centre for incoming seonsory information from the brain to the cerebral cortex.
What does the hypothalamus do?
Regulates basic biological needs: thirst, hunger & temperature control
What does the basal ganglia do?
Involved in planning and raw cordination of movement.
What are the main neurotransmitters assocaited with the limbic system?
Dopamine, Serotonin & GABA
What is the major function of dopamine?
- Thinking, decision making.
- Fine ,muscle movement,
- intergration of thoughs and emotions
Whats are the effects of EXCESS dopamine?
- Disorganised thoughts,
- hallucinations and delusions,
- mania
- tics and complusions
What is the major function of Serotonin?
- activity and behaviour,
- sleep time,
- temp regulation,
- pain perception
- mood states
What are the effects of EXCESS serotonin?
- Sedation,
- Halluciation
- mania
What are the major funstions of GABA?
- Muscle relaxer,
- balances and offsets excitatory neurons,
- involed in allergies.
What are the effects of EXCESS GABA?
Sleep and eating disorders.