General Science 2025 Vocabulary

Question 1

Friction

Answer 1

force that opposes motion between two surface that are touching one another

Question 2

Static Friction

Answer 2

happen between two surfaces that are not moving past each other

Question 3

Sliding Friction

Answer 3

force that opposes the motion of two surface sliding past one another

Question 4

Rolling Friction

Answer 4

occurs when one surface rolls on or across another surface

Question 5

Air resistance

Answer 5

caused by the friction between the surface of a moving object and the air molecules

Question 6

Gravity

Answer 6

is a force

Question 7

Autumnal Equinox

Answer 7

September 22-23

Question 8

Summer Solstice

Answer 8

June 20-22

Question 9

Vernal Equinox

Answer 9

March 20-21

Question 10

Winter Solstice

Answer 10

December 21-22

Question 11

Solstice

Answer 11

Day when Earth’s rotation axis is the most toward or away from the Sun

Question 12

Equinox

Answer 12

Day when Earth’s rotation axis is leaning along Earth’s orbit, neither toward nor away from the Sun

Question 13

Phases

Answer 13

Different forms the moon takes in its appearance from earth

Question 14

Waxing crescent

Answer 14

first visible thin slice of moon

Question 15

First quarter

Answer 15

half the lighted side of moon is visible

Question 16

Waxing gibbous

Answer 16

more than one quarter visible

Question 17

Full moon

Answer 17

all the moon’s lighted side are visible

Question 18

waning gibbous

Answer 18

starts after a full moon when more than a half of lit side of the moon is visible.

Question 19

Third quarter

Answer 19

only half the moon’s lighted side is visible

Question 20

Waning crescent

Answer 20

last visible slice before new moon

Question 21

Solar eclipse

Answer 21

when moon’s shadow appears on Earth’s surface

Question 22

Lunar eclipse

Answer 22

occurs when the moon moves into Earth’s shadow

Question 23

Maria

Answer 23

Dark, flat areas formed from lava 3-4 billion years ago

Question 24

Crater

Answer 24

Large, round pits caused by impacts of meteoroids

Question 25

Highlands

Answer 25

oldest, most highly cratered regions on the Moon

Question 26

Geocentric model

Answer 26

early Greeks thought planets, the Sun, Moon and stars rotated around the earth

Question 27

Heliocentric model

Answer 27

Nicholas Copernicus and Galileo Galilei observed that the Moon revolved around the Earth and that Earth and the other planets revolved around the sun.

Question 28

Astronomical Units (AUs)

Answer 28

Measure distance among the objects in the solar system

Question 29

Planets

Answer 29

Must orbit the Sun and have nearly a spherical shape

Question 30

Dwarf planets

Answer 30

sphericals-shape object that orbits the Sun but does not have more mass than the objects in nearby orbits

Question 31

Asteroids

Answer 31

millions of small, rocky objects that orbit the Sun in an asteroid belt

Question 32

Comet

Answer 32

made of gas, dust and ice and moves around the Sun in an oval-shaped orbit.

Question 33

Meteoroids

Answer 33

debris left by colliding asteroids or dispersing comets

Question 34

Planets

Answer 34

are classified according to their location in the solar system

Question 35

Terrestrial planets

Answer 35

are made mainly of rocky materials

Question 35

Inner planets

Answer 35

orbits between the Sun and asteroid belt

Question 36

Gaseous planets

Answer 36

are made mainly of ice and gas

Question 37

Mercury

Answer 37

Closest to Sun; has no true atmosphere and surface temperature are extreme

Question 38

Venus

Answer 38

Second from the sun, similar to earth in size and mass, extremely dense atmosphere of clouds

Question 39

Earth

Answer 39

Third planet from the Sun; atmosphere protects surface from meteors and Sun's radiation

Question 40

Mars

Answer 40

Fourth planet from the Sun; called the red planet because of the iron oxide