General Science Flashcards
1
Q
Science
A
- study of facts related to the environment
- “scire” or to know
2
Q
Branches:
Physical
A
Physics- matter and energy
Chemistry- composition and structure of matter
Astronomy-universe
3
Q
Branches:
Earth
A
Geology-Earth’s structure
Oceanography-ocean
Paleontology-forms of life in prehistoric period
Meteorology-phenomenon in the atmosphere
4
Q
Branches:
Biology
A
Botany-plants
Zoology - animals
Genetics- heredity
Medicine - diagnosing illness
5
Q
To explain phenomenon in nature
A
Scientific method
6
Q
Observed by the senses
A
Phenomenon
7
Q
Scientifically tested observation
A
Fact
8
Q
Comparing a quantity with a chosen standard
A
Measurement
9
Q
Measurement used by scientists
A
International system
10
Q
Measures current
A
Ampere
11
Q
Measures amount of substance
A
Moles
12
Q
Measures light
A
Candelas
13
Q
Scale based on 32 in freezing point of water and 212 for boiling point
A
Fahrenheit
14
Q
Convert Celsius to Fahrenheit
A
F = 9/5 (C) + 32
15
Q
Scale based on 0 for freezing point of water and 100 for boiling point
A
Celsius
16
Q
Convert F to C
A
C = 5/9 (F-32)
17
Q
Base unit of thermodynamic temperature
A
Kelvin
18
Q
Amount of space occupied by an object
A
Volume
19
Q
Mass of the object per unit volume
A
Volume
20
Q
Downward force exerted by earth on all objects
A
Gravitational force
21
Q
Ability to remain at rest
A
Inertia
22
Q
Resists the sliding movement between two surfaces
A
Friction
23
Q
Drives a thing inward toward a center of rotation
A
Centripetal force
24
Q
Enables a thing to exert an equal and opposite force
A
Force of gravity
25
Strongest force that holds protons and neutrons together
Nuclear force
26
Binds electrons to nucleus
Electromagnetic force
27
Quantity of matter in an object
Mass
28
Measure of pull of gravity
Weight
29
It is done when the force applied moves the object to the direction of the force
Work
30
Formula for work
Force x displacement
31
Causes motion or change in motion
Force
32
Distance and direction through which an object is moved
Displacement
33
Unit of work
Joule or Newton-meter
34
How many grams in 1 N?
100 g
35
Mechanical device that helps us to do work
Machine
36
Rigid body pivoted about a fulcrum
Lever
37
Pliers, hammers, nutcrackers and table knife are examples of:
Lever
38
A wheel with a grooved rim (ex: flagpole)
Pulley
39
With a wheel attached to an axle (Ex: doorknob, eggbeater, screwdriver)
Wheel and axle
40
A flat surface with one higher than the other (ex: ladder)
Inclined plane
41
An inclined plane with sloping slides (ex: nail, scissors, knife)
Wedges
42
Spiral inclined planes
Screw
43
Total energy coming from all the molecules in a body
Thermal energy
44
Energy that flows from one body to another due to temp. difference
Heat energy
45
Energy of electrons flowing through conductors
Electrical energy
46
Energy stored in matter due to arrangement of molecules
Chemical energy
47
Energy of different kinds of rays
Radiant energy
48
Energy released from nuclear fusion or fission of elements
Nuclear energy
49
Transfer of heat from molecule to molecule until it spreads throughout the material
Conduction
50
Transfer of heat when a gas or liquid moves from a place to another
Convection
51
Transfer of heat in all directions around them
Radiation
52
Being mined formed from trees and other vegetation
Coal
53
Liquid mixture of gaseous liquid and solid hydrogen
Petroleum
54
Composed of carbon and hydrogen
Natural gas
55
Production of electricity through generators
Hydroelectric power
56
Thermal energy inside the earth
Geothermal energy
57
Energy harnessed through windmill
Wind energy
58
Energy from the sun
Thermal energy
59
Consists of granite and thicker than the other
Continental crust
60
Consists of basalt
Oceanic crust
61
When one tectonic plate bends beneath the other
Subduction
62
Movements of the earth's crust
Diastrophism
63
Types of volcanoes
Active
Dormant
Extinct
64
A broad, shallow volcanic cone from running lava
Shield volcano
65
Has steep convex slope from fast-cooling lava
Dome volcano
66
Alternate layers of ash and cinder
Ash-cinder volcano
67
Has many little craters on its slope
Composite volcano
68
Older volcano with larger crater
Caldera volcano
69
Rock formed by from solidified magma
Igneous
70
Formed when sediments get packed together
Sedimentary
71
Transformed by heat and pressure
Metamorphic
72
Breaking down of rocks
Weatherint
73
Water expands when it freezes
Frost wedging
74
Rocks break off into sheets parallel to ground surface
Exfoliation
75
Repeated daily heating and cooling off of rock
Thermal expansion
76
Rock reacts with water, gases and solutions
Chemical weathering
77
Rocks that hang from ceiling
Stalactites
78
Rocks on the ground
Stalagmites
79
Process by which rocks are carried along by agents like wind
Erosion
80
Process in which rocks carried by agents of erosion are dropped to another place
Deposition
81
Rock fragments get cemented together and harden into rock
Compacting
82
Change in constitution of a rock brought by pressure or heat
Metamorphism
83
Solid, inorganic substances found on and in Earth
| -Building blocks of rock
Minerals
84
Occurs when the temperature of the land is higher than the temp. of water
Sea breeze
85
Occurs when land water temp. are warm and land temp. are cool
Land breeze
86
Gas that comes from burning of fossil fuels and cannot be smelled
Carbon monoxide
87
Gas from burning of fossil fuels. It has strong smell
Nitrogen dioxide
88
Solid or liquid matter suspended in the air
Particulate matter
89
Gas that cannot be seen or smelled in low levels and has a rotten egg smell in high levels
Sulfur dioxide
90
Blue-gray metal that is very toxic
Lead
91
Chemicals that are known to cause cancer (arsenic, benzene)
Toxic air pollutants
92
Chemicals that can destroy ozone (CFC, chlorin)
Stratospheric ozone depleter
93
Thin and feathery type of cloud
Cirrus
94
Clouds that look like small patches of white
Cirrocumulus
95
Thin and white sheet clouds
Cirrostratus
96
Clouds like low and gray blanket
Stratus
97
Flat-bottomed white puffy clouds
Cumulus
98
Mountains of heavy, dark clouds
Cumulonimbus
99
Wind system from North
Northeast trade wind
100
Originates from southeast trade winds
Southwest monsoon (habagat)
101
Wind originating from east
Northeast monsoon (amihan)
102
Low pressure areas in the tropics
Cyclones
103
Has wind speed of less than 63 kph
Tropical depression
104
Wind speed of 63-118
Tropical storm
105
Wind speed of more than 118
Typhoon
106
Results from the buildup and discharge of electrical energy between positively and negatively charged area during thunderstorms
Lightning
107
Molecule with 3 oxygen atoms
Ozone
108
Portion of uv light that are known to cause skin cancer
UVB
