General Skills & Environment Quiz Flashcards by David Puig

During a CESA, a diver should:

go up as fast as possible

ascend no faster than your fastest bubbles while making a continuous Ahhh sound

ascend at the normal ascent rate, no faster than 60 feet/minute while making a continuous Ahhh sound.

hope that you make it to the surface

ascend at the normal ascent rate, no faster than 60 feet/minute while making a continuous Ahhh sound.

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Every diver diving in a new location regardless of certification level should do an environmental orientation also known as Discover Local Diving.

True

False

True

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When administering CPR a rescuer should maintain a cycle of _____ chest compressions to _____ breaths.

5: 1
30: 2
2: 30
2: 50

30:2

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If an object weighs more than 3-5kilos/10-15lbs or if you need to fully inflate your BCD to bring it off the bottom, a diver should use a lift bag instead of trying to make it to the surface with out one.

True

False

True

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Which of the search patterns listed below requires the use of a compass?

The expanding square

The circle pattern

The semi-circle pattern

The inverse zig-zag pattern

The expanding square

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True or False: Tides have no effect on shore diving.

True

False

True

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Jellyfish tentacles on a diver who has been stung should be removed with:

Their buddy’s fingers

A crew members fingers

Tweezers or forceps

Cold sea water

Tweezers or forceps

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Three important factors to consider in the dive planning process are:

the intended depth and duration of the dive, direction/course of the dive, a and air consumption consideration for each

the intended amount of fun on the dive, color of equipment and air consumption consideration for each diver in the group

site selection this is beyond the diverâ€™s level of training, intended depth/duration of the dive and air consumption

All of the above

the intended depth and duration of the dive, direction/course of the dive, a and air consumption consideration for each

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Three general steps that are involved in the search for an item underwater are:

Enlisting the help of the Sierra club, agreeing on emergency procedures, selecting and practicing a search pattern pr

Establishing depth and time limits for the search operation, discuss and agree upon emergency procedures for accident

Assembling a tent to establish a base for operation, discuss and agree upon emergency procedures for accidents, calling 911.

Calling the US Navy Special Operations unit for help, establishing depth and time limits for the search operation, procedures to follow.

Establishing depth and time limits for the search operation, discuss and agree upon emergency procedures for accident

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When preforming an underwater search for an object, what should be considered.

The size of the object

Bottom type

Water conditions

All of the above

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When your buddy gives you the cut throat signal underwater it means:

Watch your back

You’re dead meat

Out of air

Where’s the boat

Out of air

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The environmental element that is primarily responsible for causing waves is:

Upwelling

The gravitational pull from the sun and the moon

Wind

Bottom type

Wind

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When a diver gives his or her buddy the clinched fist toward the chest signal he or she is saying:

Out of air

I love you.

I’m having a heart attack

Low on air

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To help avoid injury when diving in an unknown location, divers should:

receive a discover local diving formal orientation from a diving professional familiar with the area

wear an exposure suit appropriate for the area

use a diver propulsion vehicle

use a special cave diving light

receive a discover local diving formal orientation from a diving professional familiar with the area

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Waves break on shore when the depth is about equal to ______ times the height of the wave

1/2

1/3

1/4

1/5

1/3

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In Africa the current runs _________, in a ___________ flow.

North to South, Clockwise

South to North, Clockwise

North to South, Counterclockwise

South to North, Counterclockwise

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If you do not have a calibrated measuring device, short distances underwater are most accurately measured in:

Kick cycles

Arm spans

Leg spans

Frog kicks

Arm spans

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According to PADI standards, you are required to carry two lights on a night dive

True

False

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Which navigational technique is often used to locate a dive site?

compass and airborne navigation

celestial and path navigation

turbid and natural navigation

natural and compass heading

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What is the recommended first aid for venomous wounds from marine life?

soak in cold water, if protein based

soak in hot water, if protein based

apply vinegar and then ice

apply antibiotics

soak in hot water, if protein based

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Which of the following are recommended technique(s) for orienting yourself in a limited visibility environment?

Diving in a known area or with a buddy that has diving experience in the area.

To use a diver population vehicle and compass

To be unaware of depth and current changes

Remembering that sand ripples on the bottom usually occur perpendicular to the shoreline

Diving in a known area or with a buddy that has diving experience in the area.

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A person who has had a near drowning experience while on the boat returns to shore and are feeling good, you should:

Let them go

Let them go, however tell them to keep you posted on there health conditions

Insist they seek medical care immediately

Tell the to go to the doctor in the next couple of days for a check up

Insist they seek medical care immediately

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What is generally accepted as Night diving procedures in terms of lights?

Have 3 light system- a primary light, a back up and then a chemical glow light (very unlikely for this to burn out)

Have 2 light system- a primary light and a chemical glow light

Have a primary light with new batteries

Have a chemical light attached to your tank so everyone can see where you are

Have 2 light system- a primary light and a chemical glow light

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The horizontal boundary between waters of differing temperature is defined as:

halocline

thermocline

thermal zone

reverse thermocline

thermocline

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Special procedures must be followed for altitude diving because: Decompression sickness may occur at shallower depths The ambient pressure at altitude is less than at sea level Actual depths must be converted to theoretical depths to find no decompression limits on the RDP all of the above

all of the above

Tides are caused by: The gravitational pull of the sun and the moon with the moon having the biggest effect. The gravitational pull of the sun and the moon with the sun having the biggest effect Only the moon Only the sun

The gravitational pull of the sun and the moon with the moon having the biggest effect.

The correct procedure for performing a Controlled Emergency Swimming Ascent (CESA) include: Remove weight belt and swim to the surface while exhaling, attempting to control ascent rate and making the aah sound With equipment in place, look up, reach up prepare to vent excess air from BCD and swim at a normal pace toward surface while making a continual ahhhh sound. Signal buddy, locate and secure an alternate air source and make a controlled ascent to the surface. Swim quickly towards the surface while make the aah sound.

With equipment in place, look up, reach up prepare to vent excess air from BCD and swim at a normal pace toward surface while making a continual ahhhh sound.

The effect of the moon on tidal action is about: half the effect of the sun twice the effect of the sun equal to the effect of the sun the same as the effect of the sun

twice the effect of the sun

When waves break on shore and the backrush is funneled through a narrow opening, the condition is known as: A feeder current Undertow A rip current The gulf stream

A rip current

If wounded by venomous marine life the diver should : Immerse the wound in hot water for 30-90 minutes Immerse the wound in sea water for 30-90 minutes Immerse the wound in cold water for 30-90 minutes Rub aloe on the wound

Immerse the wound in hot water for 30-90 minutes

The first aid treatment for a diver suffering from DCS is to have the patient breathe 100% oxygen, and have them: sit up, making sure they're comfortable lay them down, making sure they're in a comfortable position lay them in a left-side, head low position make sure they're standing and walking around

lay them in a left-side, head low position

Which type of ascent should be used only if a diver believes that he/she is incapable of swimming to the surface? CESA Negative Ascent Streamlined Ascent Buoyant Emergency Ascent

Buoyant Emergency Ascent

The reciprocal heading on a compass is _______ degrees from the initial heading. 66 120 360 180

180

A divers alternate air source should be: attached to the weight belt Conspicuously marked On the left side All of the above

Conspicuously marked

Each diver on a dive team conducting a night dive should have how many lights (minimum) 1 3 4 5

To help protect the aquatic environment, dive leaders should encourage divers to: Avoid kicking or knocking over coral heads and rocks. Maintain neutral buoyancy. Do not touch or handle any marine life. All of the above

All of the above

PADI discover local diving is for: Certified divers diving someplace new Non certified divers wanting to try SCUBA for the first time Certified divers familiar with the area Students in an Advanced Open Water Class

Certified divers diving someplace new

If you suspect a diver has decompression illness: Put the diver back in the water and have the diver remain at 15ft. for as long as his air supply lasts Have the diver breath 100% oxygen but only administer the oxygen if a doctor is present. Have the diver breath 100% oxygen and lay flat. Have the diver breath 100% oxygen but only if he has not been diving with enriched air or mixed gas.

Have the diver breath 100% oxygen and lay flat.

Natural navigation can also include... Plants and animals Bottom composition Light and shadows All of the above

All of the above

Diving accident victims should be: Transferred to marine patrol, navy or coast guard vessel for treatment. Transported to the nearest recompression chamber Evacuated by helicopter for faster transport Transported to the nearest emergency medical facility

Transported to the nearest emergency medical facility

A thumb up means: awesome job that was a gnarly shark yay, I love diving go up/ascend

go up/ascend

You suddenly run out of air at 40ft you notice your buddy is about 20ft away from you and not paying attention. What should be your course of action? Perform a CESA Swim to your buddy immediately locate his alternate air source then signal you are out of air. Make a rapid buoyant emergency ascent Swim to your buddy signal you are out of air and wait for his response.

Swim to your buddy immediately locate his alternate air source then signal you are out of air.

A buoyancy check at the surface involves: Letting all the air out of your BCD and seeing if you sink Letting all the air out of your BCD, holding a normal breath and checking where you float...preferably around eye level. Letting all of the air out of your BCD, holding a normal breath and sinking below the surface. Letting all of the air out of your BCD, holding a normal breath and floating at chin level.

Letting all the air out of your BCD, holding a normal breath and checking where you float...preferably around eye level.

When using the triangle pattern with a compass to search for an object underwater, each of your turns should be _________ degrees. 90 180 120 45

120

When a diver is underweighted the diver will: Find it easier to make a safety stop at the end of the dive Find it easier to rest on the bottom when he gets tired Move less efficiently through the water because more air will be added to his BCD to compensate. Have issues making it to the bottom and find himself constantly floating up toward the surface

Have issues making it to the bottom and find himself constantly floating up toward the surface

When is the ideal time to dive? Slack high tide Slack low tide Low tide High tide

Slack high tide

Tides are caused by gravitational influence with the _____________ having the greater effect. sun moon stars planets

moon

The major oceanic current off the southwest coast of Africa flows in a _____________ to _____________ direction. north/south south/north east/west west/east

south/north

The major oceanic current off the coast of Europe flows in a _____________ to _____________ direction. north/south south/north east/west west/east

north/south

Because of their high degree of experience and qualifications, instructors need not consider participating in an environmental orientation when they visit new diving locations. True False

False

The PADI _______________ program is a supervised underwater tour designed to orient divers to unfamiliar aquatic conditions and environments. Discover Scuba Diving ReActivate Discover Local Diving Seal Team

Discover Local Diving

How can a diver protect the aquatic realm? (choose all that apply) Be a role model and buoyancy expert. Become a debris activist. Take action and give back to ocean protection. Be an eco-tourist and shrink your carbon footprint.

Be a role model and buoyancy expert. Become a debris activist. Take action and give back to ocean protection. Be an eco-tourist and shrink your carbon footprint.

Project AWARE is a global nonprofit environmental organization that is powered by a community of aquatic adventurers who strive to maintain a clean, healthy and abundant ocean planet. True False

True

What is the single most important diving skill to avoid damaging the environment? Air sharing Compass navigation Frog kick Buoyancy control

Buoyancy control

What are some other ways divers can avoid damaging the environment by the way they dive? (choose all that apply) Avoid wearing more weight than is necessary. Avoid touching coral and other invertebrates. Streamline your equipment as much as possible. Avoid kicking coral and other aquatic creatures with fins while swimming.

Avoid wearing more weight than is necessary. Avoid touching coral and other invertebrates. Streamline your equipment as much as possible. Avoid kicking coral and other aquatic creatures with fins while swimming.

When making a Controlled Emergency Swimming Ascent (CESA) the diver should __________________________ to avoid a lung-expansion injury. exhale forcefully exhale lightly exhale - making a continuous “ah” sound “blow and go”

exhale - making a continuous “ah” sound

When making a Controlled Emergency Swimming Ascent, the diver should do which of the following in terms of his equipment? Ditch his weight belt and remove his regulator mouthpiece. Ditch his weight belt but retain his regulator mouthpiece. Keep all equipment in place and retain his regulator. Remove or retain what ever makes the ascent the easiest.

Keep all equipment in place and retain his regulator.

When making a Controlled Emergency Swimming Ascent, what should the diver do regarding his ascent rate? Ascend at whatever rate is comfortable. Because this is an emergency, ascend as fast as possible. Ascend no faster than his slowest air bubbles. Maintain a normal ascent rate (not in excess of 18 metres/60 feet per minute).

Maintain a normal ascent rate (not in excess of 18 metres/60 feet per minute).

Divers should always wear an amount of weight equal to 10% of their body weight plus 1 kilogram/3 pounds. True False

False

When conducting a buoyancy check at the surface, you should (choose all that apply) fully inflate your BCD while breathing from your regulator. relax, holding a normal breath in. add or subtract weight until you float at eye level. sink slowly when you exhale.

relax, holding a normal breath in. add or subtract weight until you float at eye level. sink slowly when you exhale.

A clenched fist brought toward the chest is a signal for: “I am out of air” “I am out of air and want to buddy breathe” “I am low on air” “I am low on air and want to use your alternate air source”

“I am low on air”

Your buddy gives you a “cut throat” sign followed by pointing to his mouth. What action should you take in this circumstance? Immediately begin buddy breathing. Immediately provide your alternate air source to him. Check his SPG, then begin buddy breathing. If he experiences problems, then provide your alternate air source. Check the depth — if it is 12 metres/40 feet or less, signal him to make an emergency swimming ascent.

Immediately provide your alternate air source to him.

You suddenly run out of air at 18 metres/60 feet. You notice your buddy is approximately 6 metres/20 feet away and not paying attention to you. What action should you take in this circumstance? Swim to your buddy, get his attention and signal that you are out of air. Swim to your buddy and immediately locate and secure his alternate air source, then signal you are out of air. Make a Controlled Emergency Swimming Ascent. Make a Buoyant Emergency Swimming Ascent.

Swim to your buddy and immediately locate and secure his alternate air source, then signal you are out of air.

When working close to a shoreline, what naturally occurring phenomena can be used as aids to navigation? (choose all that apply) Kelp forests Sand ripples Changes in water depth Rock piles

Sand ripples | Changes in water depth

Kick cycles and arm spans are methods of measuring distance underwater that do not require the use of a calibrated device. True False

True

Which of these methods is most accurate for measuring distance underwater? Kick cycles Gas use Arm spans Time

Arm spans

A diver is wearing a BCD with 18 kilograms/40 pounds of lift. He finds an anchor, but is unable to lift it unless he completely fills his BCD. What should the diver do in this circumstance? Cautiously ascend holding the anchor with his BCD fully inflated. Have his buddy put some air in his own vest and ascend with the anchor as a team – each with their vests partially inflated. Leave the anchor on the bottom and return later with a lift bag. Cautiously ascend with the anchor using the buoyancy of his BCD but with his buddy holding on to him in case of a problem.

Leave the anchor on the bottom and return later with a lift bag.

When night diving, ideally each diver should have which of these lights? (choose all that apply) Camera strobe light Chemical or marker light Back up light Primary light

Chemical or marker light Back up light Primary light These are recommended, not required. Only a primary light is required.

Although each diver should have a primary light, only one of the two buddies need to have the required backup lights when night diving. True False

False

Most dive tables, including the Recreational Dive Planner, were not designed for use above an altitude of _____________. 200 metres/650 feet 300 metres/1000 feet 500 metres/1650 feet 1000 metres/3250 feet

300 metres/1000 feet

Special procedures are required when diving at altitude because the percentage of nitrogen is increased. the percentage of nitrogen is decreased since the ambient pressure is reduced. the partial pressure of nitrogen is increased. the partial pressure of nitrogen is decreased since the ambient pressure is reduced.

the partial pressure of nitrogen is decreased since the ambient pressure is reduced

You encounter an unconscious diver at the surface. You remove the victim’s weight belt, and attempt to check the victim’s pulse. If unable to detect a pulse, you should immediately begin towing the victim to shore as fast as possible. True False

False

When administering one-rescuer CPR, the compression rate should be as fast as can be sustained by the rescuer. True False

False

When administering one-rescuer CPR, the ratio of compressions to ventilations is _____________. 15 compressions followed by 2 ventilations 15 compressions followed by 1 ventilation 30 compressions followed by 1 ventilation 30 compressions followed by 2 ventilations

30 compressions followed by 2 ventilations

A patient who has recovered from drowning feels fine, seems perfectly recovered and asks to go home. What would you recommend? No problem go home. Go home, but stay near the telephone and call a doctor if you feel ill. Go home, but keep breathing oxygen for at least four hours. Don’t go home, get a medical examination.

Don’t go home, get a medical examination.

The first aid treatment for a diver suffering from decompression sickness is to have the patient breathe pure oxygen at 100% concentration, and have him lay flat. lay in a left-side-down, head-low position. sit up if he is conscious and comfortable. lay face down.

lay flat.

After a dive to 30 metres/100 feet, your dive buddy complains of joint pain and numbness in his right arm. You suspect decompression sickness. The boat captain suggests that inwater recompression be attempted. Do you agree? Yes No

What are common signs or symptoms of marine life injuries? (choose all that apply) Loss of consciousness, weakness and nausea Bright red fingernail beds Spreading numbness and paralysis Local swelling, inflammation or welts

Loss of consciousness, weakness and nausea Spreading numbness and paralysis Local swelling, inflammation or welts

To treat a venomous sting, after carefully removing any foreign matter, soak the area in hot water for at least 30 minutes, and monitor the diver for shock. True False

True