Generalisation

Question 1

Generalisation

Answer 1

-Behaviour is repeated in non-trained conditions if there is a similar stimulus

Question 2

Context

Answer 2

-Behavior may be acceptable in only certain contexts e.g. punching in a boxing match vs on the street

Question 3

Stimulus generalization

Answer 3

-Situation: different people, locations and time of day

Question 4

Response generalization

Answer 4

-Behaviour: topography changes verbally or physically

Question 5

Multiple exemplar training

Answer 5

-Plan in advance, teach behaviour and facilitate generalization

Question 6

Incorporate common stimulu

Answer 6

-When training someone to order at McDonalds incorporate relevant and common stimuli e.g. mock counter, menu and uniform etc.

Question 7

Overgeneralisation

Answer 7

-Behaviour is under the control of a stimulus class that is too broad which results in misattribution

Question 8

Discriminant operant

Answer 8

-An operant under stimulus control where the response is more likely to occur with a discriminative stimulus is present.

Question 9

Stimulus discrimination

Answer 9

-Occurs when different stimuli do not evoke the same response.

Question 10

Learning to discriminate

Answer 10

• training responses in the presence of the discriminative stimulus (SD) are reinforced, but not reinforced in the presence of the SΔ (extinction).
• Use prompts (model or verbally demonstrate behaviour) and salience (make it obvious) to teach people when to and when not to act.
• Prompts are faded Until behaviour is under stimulus control of naturally occurring stimuli (mastery criterion is met where, when, how etc.)

Question 11

Mastery criterion

Answer 11

-where, when, how, with who, how many times etc.

Question 12

Concept formation

Answer 12

• Behavioral outcome of generalization and discrimination
• Can distinguish between common characteristics
• Generalization within a class and discrimination between

Question 13

Pigeon concept formation

Answer 13

-Pigeons can determine between Monet and Picasso and between trees and other environments. Pigeons were better at simple discriminations; people make it more difficult due to advanced verbal behaviour we look at patterns in different ways.

Question 14

Measuring generalization and discrimination

Answer 14

• Trained pigeons to peck a yellow light
• In extinction, tested which other wavelengths pecked
• Eventually the pigeons behaviour became under stimulus control