Genes

Question 1

What are genes

Answer 1

-Genes are specific lengths of DNA that carries instructions for all proteins

-Specific length of DNA that codes proteins/polypeptides

-Specific length of DNA that codes for a length of RNA that may regulate expression of other gene(s).

Question 2

Triplet code

Answer 2

Sequence of nucloetide bases that exists on the DNA strand provides instructions for sequence of amino acids in dna

3 section bases that code for amino acid-triplet code

Question 3

Stop codon

Answer 3

There needs to be a triplet code present that codes for the termination of the building of the protein/length of RNA.
-stop codon

Question 4

Degenerate code

Answer 4

Genetic code is said to be degenerate because most amino acids carry more than one base triplet

Reduces effect of point mutations , because a change to one base triplet can lead to another base triplet that codes for the same amino acid.

Genetic code is non overlapping, read from a fixed point in groups of three, occurs one after another
- they do not overlap, if a base mutation was to occur - either addition or deletion, this would create a shift of every base triplet - affecting thea mino acid that would be produced

Question 5

Codons

Answer 5

Dna is in the cell nucleus, however proteins would be made in the cyproplasm by the ribosomes
This requires the genetic code to then be copied and carried out to the ribosomes.
A length of messenger RNA, is produced that corresponds to the coding strand of the DNA, rhe base triplets on the Mrna are called codons.
The codons would be a copy of the DNAS base triplets, byt instead of thymine its uracil

This is called transcription

Question 6

Anticodons

Answer 6

When the mRNA, has passed through the nuclear pores in the nuclear envelope
TRNA, brings amino acids , each of the TRNA molecules is specific to a particular amino acid and also has triplet of bases called anticodon which suit the MRNA