Genes

Question 1

Genes that are sufficiently close together on a chromosome will tend to “stick together”, and the version (alleles) of those genes that are together on a chromosome will tend to be inherited as a pair more often than not.

Answer 1

Genetic linkage

Question 2

Was one of the first scientist to discover that the inheritance of some traits do not follow the law of independent assortment.

Answer 2

William Bateson

Question 3

Conducted experiments with sweet peas. They crossed plants that have purple flower and long pollen (dominant traits) with plants that have red flowers and round pollen ( recessive traits) that is PPLLxppll

Answer 3

William Bateson and Reginald punnet

Question 4

An american biologist, found a similar contradiction against the law of independent assortment while studying fruit flies.

Answer 4

Thomas hunt morgan

Question 5

According to him, when two genes are closely associated in the same chromosome, they do not assort independently.

Answer 5

Thomas hunt morgan

Question 6

Totals of chromosomes that human have

Answer 6

46 chromosomes

Question 7

How many pairs of chromosomes each parent

Answer 7

23

Question 8

22 chromosomes are called?

Answer 8

Autosomes

Question 9

Remaining one pair of chromosomes

Answer 9

Sex chromosomes

Question 10

Gametes or sex cells are formed through?

Answer 10

Meiotic division

Question 11

Female gametes is called?

Answer 11

Egg cell or ovum

Question 12

Male gametes is called?

Answer 12

Spermatozoa

Question 13

Is a diploid or has two sets of chromosomes

Answer 13

Zygote

Question 14

Two kinds of sex chromosomes

Answer 14

X and Y chromosomes

Question 15

Is any of the hereditary or genetic bleeding disorder that impair blood clotting processes, which prevent excessive blood loss when blood vessels are injured. Severe cases may cause bleeding that last for days or week

Answer 15

Hemophilia

Question 16

Is a genetic condition that is characterized by the inability o identify color differences. Color blind persons are not blind, but they distinguish colors in a limited range of hues or may not see colors at all. One of the genes for color blind ness is located at the X chromosome

Answer 16

Color blindness

Question 17

is the scientific study of genes and heredity of how certain qualities or traits are passed from parents to offspring as a result of changes in DNA sequence

Answer 17

Genetics

Question 18

is a segment of DNA that contains instructions for building one or more molecules that help the body work

Answer 18

Gene

Question 19

is related to the Greek word genos, which means “race, stock, or offspring.”

Answer 19

Gene

Question 20

is chemically made up of a sequence of nucleotides, which are compounds that consist of a nitrogen containing base, the sugar deoxyribose, and phosphate.

Answer 20

Gene

Question 21

a long chain of nucleotides, is a major component of chromosomes

Answer 21

Deoxyribonucleic Acid(DNA)

Question 22

is the hereditary material in humans and almost all other organisms has the same DNA

Answer 22

DNA

Question 23

are the characteristics features of an individual. These may be visible, such as eye and hair color, or hidden, such as blood type.

Answer 23

Traits

Question 24

Can be transmitted to the next generation if they are inherent in the organism and are not acquired from or caused by the environment

Answer 24

Traits

Question 25

Traits that are common

Answer 25

High frequency traits

Question 26

Genes can change and take on two or more alternative forms.

Answer 26

Allele

Question 27

Simply the different forms of the same gene

Answer 27

Alleles

Question 28

An allele for a trait that always appears on is expressed by several generation of a family of organisms

Answer 28

Dominant

Question 29

An allele is _____ if it needs two compies to express a trait

Answer 29

Recessive

Question 30

Individual that inherit two alleles for a trait

Answer 30

Heterozygous

Question 31

Individual has the same alleles for a trait

Answer 31

Homozygous

Question 32

The alleles for a trait are _______ when neither one is dominant over the other

Answer 32

Codominant

Question 33

Father of genetics

Answer 33

Gregor Johann Mendel

Question 34

Through his work on pea plants, discovered the fundamental laws of inheritance. He deduced that genes come in pairs and are inherited as distinct units, one from each parent. Mendel tracked the segregation of parental genes and their appearance in the offspring as dominant or recessive traits

Answer 34

Gregor Johann Mendel

Question 35

is a square diagram that is used to predict the genotype of a particular cross or bleeding experiment.

Answer 35

Punnett square

Question 36

Named after Reginald C. Punnett

Answer 36

Punnett square

Question 37

Used by biologist to determine the probability of an offspring having a particular genotype

Answer 37

Diagram

Question 38

Demonstrated by crossing pea plants with different characteristics that gametes combine randomly. He used a punnett square to predict the outcome of any genetic cross

Answer 38

Gregor Mendel

Question 39

Refers to the genetic code of the individual. This is all the information that is found inside the individual cell

Answer 39

Genotype

Question 40

is the expression of the genotype that is invisible to other people and can be observed

Answer 40

Phenotype

Question 41

One is an exact copy of the other and each contains one DNA molecule

Answer 41

Two Identical Chromatids

Question 42

Short arm structure

Answer 42

P arm

Question 43

Constricted point of the chromosomes

Answer 43

Centromere

Question 44

Long arm structure

Answer 44

q arm

Question 45

Long string like DNA molecule formed into a compact structure by proteins called HISTONES

Answer 45

DNA MOLECULE

Question 46

The term _____ comes from the Greek words chroma, which means "color" and soma , which means "body"

Answer 46

Chromosomes

Question 47

is a structure found in the nucleus of cells and is made up of DNA that is tightly coiled around proteins, which serve as scaffolds or support

Answer 47

Chromosomes

Question 48

A ___ can be straight or rod-shaped, twisted or spiral, curved, filamentous, or spherical

Answer 48

Chromosomes

Question 49

A _____ is one of the two Identical strands of a replicated chromosomes

Answer 49

Chromatid

Question 50

The ______ of a chromosome are linked by a centromere, which contains an assembled protein complex called a KINETOCHORE

Answer 50

Sister chromatids

Question 51

Potential of genotype to vary within a population in response to genetic and environmental influences

Answer 51

Genetic variability

Question 52

The reshuffling of the sequence of nucleotides.

Answer 52

Homologous recombination

Question 53

Is a process by when which pieces of DNA are broken and recombined

Answer 53

Recombination

Question 54

Is a process of breeding organisms of different species or varieties by bringing together varied set of alleles to facilitate species adaption

Answer 54

Hybridization

Question 55

An offspring that result from a cross between two individuals that differ in at least one set of alleles is called?

Answer 55

Hybrid

Question 56

Condition of having more than two homologous or paired set of chromosomes

Answer 56

Polyploidy

Question 57

Introduce the idea of the origin of new genetic variability

Answer 57

Hugo de Vries

Question 58

Changes in the nucleotide sequence of a gene

Answer 58

Genetic mutation