genes and evolution Flashcards
how are gametes made
chromosomes copy
similar pair up and genes get swapped between them
cell divides to form 2 diploid cells
cells divide again to form 4 haploid cells
how does asexual reproduction happen
mitosis which means offsprings have identical cells
what is a genome
entire genetic code of an organisms
what is a gene
portion of dna that codes for a protein
what is polydactyl (extra finger )
caused by a dominant gene
what is cystic fibrosis
recessive gene
what happens during evolution
random mutation in offsprings
they are better adapted to environment and are able to reproduce
more with the desired characteristics and others die
what is a species
organisms that can breed and have fertile offsprings
what is selective breeding
breeding organisms that have desirable characteristics to produce and desirable offsprings
how does genetic modification work
desired gene cut from another organisms using enzymes
imserted into a vector
vector insers genes into cells of another organism in early development
name 2 ways fossils are formed
footprints
bones that have been replaced with minerals
what is the classification system
domain
kingdom - king
phylem - phillip
class - came
order - over
family - for
genome - good
species - soup
what are the 3 domains
Archea(primative bacteria,extreamophiles)
bacteria(true bacteria)
Eukaryota (contains nucleus)
what is dna
double helix polymer - stores genetic code
what is genotype
organisms specific genetic code
