genes and proteins Flashcards
(20 cards)
nucleic acid that carries genetic information in cells and consists of 2 complementary chains of nucleotides wound in a double helix
DNA
large molecule consisting of one or more chains of amino acids necessary for cell function
protein
building block of protein molecules
Amino acid
a group of single stranded nucleic acids that is necessary for transcription and translation
RNA
3 adjacent nucleotides in DNA or RNA that code for a specific amino acid in a protein
Codon
a change in the DNA sequence of a gene
mutation
structures of DNA and protein in the nucleus of cells where genes are located
Chromosomes
nuclear division characterized by chromosome replication and formation of 2 identical daughter nuclei
mitosis
what is Dna made of
bases in a double helix
can DNA leave the nucleus
no
since DNA cannot leave the nucleous a portion of it is copied by making ____
RNA
what does the RNA travel through
ribisomes
DNA making RNA is ____
Transcription
RNA making Protein is ____
Translation
what are the 3 types of mutations
Substitution, deletiton, and insertion
where DNA is duplicated (each chromosome is duplicated.
interphase
nuclear membrane dissolves chromosomes become visible with the microscope
prophase
copies pair up and are attached by a cetrotromere and line up on the spindle fibers
Metaphase
the pairs are seperated and travel to opposite sides of the cells
Anaphase
Each set of chromosomes and surrounded by new nuclear membranes
Telophase
