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Genetics > Genes And Proteins > Flashcards

Genes And Proteins Flashcards

1
Q

a large molecule that is consist of one or more polypeptide chain

A

Proteins

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2
Q

Substances that catalyzes or speed up the rate of a chemical protein

A

Enzymes

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3
Q

determines the type of amino acids

A

R-group

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4
Q

suggested the relationship between genes and enzymes

A

Archibald Garrod

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5
Q

recessive trait that causes arthritis

A

Alkaptonuria

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6
Q

An enzyme that lacks a person having alkaptonuria

A

Homogentisic acid oxidase

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7
Q

formulated the one gene- one enzyme hypothesis

A

Beadle and Tatum

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8
Q

refers to the transfer of genetic information from the nucleotide sequence of the DNA to the nucleotide sequence of the RNA

A

Transcription

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9
Q

Steps involved in the transcription

A
  1. Uncoupling
  2. Synthesis
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10
Q

The sequence of _ in a single DNA stand determines the sequence of _ in a newly synthesized RNA.

A

deoxyribonucleotide
ribonucleotide

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11
Q

Types of ribonucleic acid

A
  1. mRNA
  2. tRNA
  3. rRNA
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12
Q

carry the instructions for protein synthesis from the DNA to ribosomes

A

mRNA

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13
Q

incorporated in the ribosomes

A

rRNA

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14
Q

brings the activated amino acids to the mRNA

A

tRNA

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15
Q

DNA sequences that code for RNA

A

Coding regions

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16
Q

do not code for a gene product

A

Non-coding regions

17
Q

Features of Transcription

A

a. Involve only certain regions of DNA
b. Transcription is the major point of control of gene expression
c. RNA synthesis occurs in a 5’ to 3’ direction.
d. Transcription consist of three events; initiation, elongation and termination

18
Q

refers to the synthesis of a polypeptide chain using the genetic instructions from the mRNA

A

Translation

19
Q

Stages of transcription

A

Initiation
Elongation
Termination

20
Q

RNA polymerase binds to a sequence of DNS called

A

Promoter

21
Q

acts as a template for RNA polymerase

A

template strand

22
Q

signal that the RNA transcript is complete

A

Terminators

23
Q

a collection of base triplets of DNA and RNA carrying the genetic information

A

Genetic Code

24
Q

Features of genetic code

A
  1. Genetic Code is triplets
  2. Genetic Code is degenerate/redundant/repetitious
  3. Genetic code is non overlapping
  4. Genetic Code is universal
  5. There are three nonsense codons

Genetics (6 decks)

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