Genetic Infromation And Adaptation

Question 1

17th century

Answer 1

Creationism - everything is created just as it is now

Question 2

18th century

Answer 2

Naturalism - classifying based on similar characteristics

-Extinction was observed (Dodo)
-Selective breeding was practiced
-Fossils discoverd

Question 3

19th century Lamark

Answer 3

Hypothesis - living things changed by inheriting acquired characteristics

(Proven wrong by dying a hamster)

Question 4

19th century Darwin

Answer 4

Proposed the idea of natural selection (preservation of favoured races in the struggle for life - D)

Question 5

20th century

Answer 5

Mendel
Work on newly discovered genetic and Darwin’s theory formed modern Darwinism

Question 6

What are the 4 observations that Darwin made to form his natural selection theory

Answer 6

1- individuals WITHIN a species differ from each other so there is variation
2-offspring resemble their parents
3- more offspring is produced than survival to maturity
4- population numbers remain fairly constant

Question 7

Why do individuals WITHIN a species offer from each other

Answer 7

Because random mutations produce new alleles

Question 8

Why do offspring resemble their parents

Answer 8

Inherited characteristics

Question 9

Why is more offspring produced than makes it to maturity

Answer 9

Most organisms die young from presentation, disease and competition

Question 10

What is Darwin’s theory of natural selection

Answer 10

That individuals who are better adapted to their environment compete better than others and can therefore survive longer, reproduce more, and pass on their successful genes to their offspring

Question 11

In terms of genetics, what’s happening in Darwin’s natural selection

Answer 11

1- there is genetic variation in a characteristic within a population ( due to random mutations which produces new alleles )
2- individuals with disadvantaged adaptions to their environment will die young from presentation/disease/competition
3- Individuals with advantageous adaptations to their environment will survive and reproduce
4- This changes the allel frequency in each generation

Question 12

What is selective breeding

Answer 12

When humans determine desirable characteristics and only animals/plants with the best characteristics are used for breeding which changes the species over a period of time