genetic variation

Question 1

alleles

Answer 1

different versions of a single gene

Question 2

homologous pair

Answer 2

pair of chromosomes that contain the same set of genes

Question 3

haploid cells

Answer 3

carry one allele for each gene

Question 4

how does meiosis contribute to genetic variation

Answer 4

produces gametes with different combinations of alleles

Question 5

independent segregation

Answer 5

homologous pairs of chromosomes line up randomly

Question 6

how does independent segregation increase genetic variation

Answer 6

produces gametes with different combinations of alleles

Question 7

describe the process of independent segregation

Answer 7

-during meiosis 1 homologous pairs line up at random
-creates different combinations of alleles in the gametes

Question 8

explain how crossing over leads to genetic variation

Answer 8

-during meiosis 1 homologous chromosomes twist around each other
-then portions of gametes are exchanged and this produces new combinations of alleles in each chromosome

Question 9

name 3 processes in meiosis that causes genetic variation

Answer 9

independent segregeation
crossing over
non disjunction

Question 10

how does non disjunction lead to genetic variation

Answer 10

in meiosis 1: stops homologous pairs of chromosomes from
seperating
-in meiosis 2: stops sister chromatids from seperating
-results in gametes with uneven number of chromosomes

Question 11

formula homologuous pairs

Answer 11

2^2

Question 12

formula for random fertilisation

Answer 12

(2^2)^2

Question 13

desCrbe the process of random fertilisation

Answer 13

during fertilisation any two gametes may randomly combine