Genetics

Question 1

Albinism

Answer 1

Genetic disorder characterised by the non-production of the pigment melanin

Question 2

Alleles

Answer 2

Alternative forms of a gene found at the same locus

Question 3

Chromatid Network

Answer 3

Tangled network of chromosomes located within the nucleus

Question 4

Cloning

Answer 4

The production of genetically identical offspring, using biotechnology

Question 5

Co-dominance

Answer 5

Cross involving alleles of a gene that are equally dominant, leading to a third phenotype which is a combination of the other 2 phenotypes

Question 6

complete dominance

Answer 6

a cross involving characteristics controlled by dominant and recessive alleles

Question 7

Dihybrid

Answer 7

a cross involving 2 characteristics

Question 8

DNA Profile

Answer 8

A unique pattern formed by DNA fragments of an individual

Question 9

Dominant

Answer 9

An allele that influences the phenotype whether in the homozygous or heterozygous combination

Question 10

Frameshift mutation

Answer 10

A gene mutation caused by the addition OR deletion of a base pair

Question 11

Genetic Modification

Answer 11

Manipulation of the genotype of an organism to produce desirable characteristics

Question 12

Genotype

Answer 12

The alleles of a gene that an individual possesses for a particular characteristic

Question 13

Haemophilia

Answer 13

A sex-linked disorder characterised by the absence of clotting factors

Question 14

Heterozygous

Answer 14

an Individual with 2 different alleles for a particular characteristic found at the locus

Question 15

Homozygous

Answer 15

an Individual with 2 copies of the same allele for a particular characteristic

Question 16

incomplete dominance

Answer 16

Cross involving alleles that are neither dominant nor recessive, leading to an intermediate phenotype

Question 17

Independent Assortment

Answer 17

The movement of alleles for a characteristic into different gametes independently of the alleles for other characteristics

Question 18

Monohybrid

Answer 18

A cross involving a single characteristic

Question 19

Multiple Alleles

Answer 19

More than 2 alleles at the same locus influence a single characteristic

Question 20

Mutation

Answer 20

Sudden change in the structure of a gene

Question 21

Pedigree diagram

Answer 21

A representation that traces the transmission of a characteristic over many generations of a family

Question 22

Phenotype

Answer 22

The external appearance of an organism

Question 23

Point Mutation

Answer 23

A gene mutation caused by the substitution of a base pair

Question 24

Recessive

Answer 24

An allele that influences the phenotype only when in the homologous combination but not in the heterozygous condition

Question 25

Sex-linked Characteristics

Answer 25

Characteristics that are controlled by alleles of a gene that are located on the sex chromosome

Question 26

Sickle-cell anaemia

Answer 26

Disorder caused by a point mutation leading to abnormally shaped red blood cells

Question 27

Stem Cells

Answer 27

Undifferentiated cells that can form any other cell type in an organism