genetics

Question 1

gene

Answer 1

a section of DNA that carries a coded instruction

Question 2

allele

Answer 2

a different form of a gene

Question 3

example of genes and alleles

Answer 3

a gene would be eye color, but an allele would be blue eyes, brown eyes or green eyes

Question 4

genome

Answer 4

complete set of DNA

Question 5

autosome

Answer 5

chromosomes that exclude sex chromosomes

Question 6

gametes

Answer 6

a reproductive cell with half the genetic material a somatic cell has. Such as sperm or eggs

Question 7

diploid

Answer 7

two sets of chromosomes

Question 8

haploid

Answer 8

single set of chromosomes

Question 9

homologous pairs

Answer 9

two identical chromosomes in a pair

Question 10

Codons

Answer 10

groups of three nucleotides read by messenger RNA

Question 11

messenger RNA bases names

Answer 11

Thymine, Guanine, Adenine and Uracil

Question 12

what are codons known in transfer RNA

Answer 12

anticodon

Question 13

karyotype

Answer 13

picture of an individuals set of chromosomes

Question 14

turner syndrome

Answer 14

an individual only has one x chromosome

Question 15

Edwards syndrome

Answer 15

three chromosomes 18’s

Question 16

Down syndrome

Answer 16

three chromosomes 21’s

Question 17

what are the two macro molecules

Answer 17

nucleic acid and proteins

Question 18

polygenic inheritance

Answer 18

more than one gene contributes to the phenotype

Question 19

gene locus

Answer 19

location of a gene on a chromosome