Genetics

Question 1

What is The Human Genome Project?

Answer 1

The Human Genome Project is all genetic material of an organism. Within a genome, there are many levels of organization including genes, DNA, and chromosomes

Question 2

What are haploid cells?

Answer 2

Haploid cells are cells which only contain 23 chromosomes compared to the regular 46.

Question 3

What are diploid cells?

Answer 3

Diploid cells are cells that contain all 46 chromosomes with 23 pairs.

Question 4

How has The Genome Project advanced our knowledge?

Answer 4

It has helped with the personalisation of medicine, improved understanding of inherited disorders, and advances in gene therapy

Question 5

What is Sexual reproduction?

Answer 5

-Sexual reproduction involves joining the male and female gametes together, containing genetic information from both parents, creating variation
-Sexual reproduction involves meiosis as the gametes are non-identical

Question 6

What is Asexual reproduction?

Answer 6

-Asexual reproduction involves only one parent
-It is done through mitosis to create genetically identical cells, meaning no variation.

Question 7

What are the 4 organic bases of DNA and which ones connect to which?

Answer 7

Bases = A, T, G, C
Connection:
A=T and C=G

Question 8

What is DNA?

Answer 8

-DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid
-It is made from smaller parts called nucleotides
- Each DNA molecule is made up of 2 DNA strands, twisted together to form a double helix.
-DNA is a polymer (long molecule)

Question 9

What are Genes?

Answer 9

Genes are small sections inside the DNA that code for a sequence of amino acids that combine to create special proteins.