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Human Genetics Lec 1 > Genetics > Flashcards

Genetics Flashcards

(53 cards)

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1
Q

Derived from the Greek word ‘gen’, meaning to grow into something

A

Genetics

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2
Q

Who coined Genetics?

A

William Bateson

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3
Q

It deals with principles of heredity and variation.

A

Genetics

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4
Q

Transmission of genes through reproduction

A

Heredity

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5
Q

Differences among individuals caused by genetic and environmental factors.

A

Variation

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6
Q

Type of Variation
>differences in the body for (ex. Height/facial shape)

A

Morphological

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7
Q

Type of Variation
>Differences in abilities like tasting/hormone levels

A

Physiological

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8
Q

Type of Variation
>Variation in learning, feeding, and mating.

A

Behavioral

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9
Q

Type of Variation
>Differences between males and females

A

Sexual

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10
Q

List the types of Variation

A

Morphological, Physiological, Behavioral, and Sexual

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11
Q

List the causes of Variations

A

Genotype, Environment, Interaction between genetics and environment

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12
Q

Genetic Composition/genes they’ve inherited

A

Genotype

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13
Q

Random assortment of chromosomes

A

Independent assortment

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14
Q

Exchange parts of chromosomes

A

Crossing over

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15
Q

Changes in genetic materials

A

Mutation

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16
Q

Random joining of ova and egg

A

Gamete Combination

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17
Q

Two types of gene flow

A

Immigration and emigration

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18
Q

Possible introduction of alleles

A

Immigration

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19
Q

Possible loss of alleles

A

Emigration

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20
Q

Change occurs by chance

A

Random Genetic drift

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21
Q

Some variations provide individuals with increased chances of survival.

A

Natural Selection

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22
Q

Conditions in which they have been developed. When two individuals who are genetically identical can be phenotypically different due to differences.

23
Q

Combination of genetic and environment

Study These Flashcards
A

Interaction between genetic and environment

24
Q

Fields of genetic

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A

Transmission genetics, molecular, population, quantitative, cytogenetics

25
How genes are passed down generations.
Transmission Genetics
26
Study of gene structure and function at the molecular level.
Molecular genetics
27
Distribution and behavior of genes in population
Population genetics
28
Traits affected by multiple genes
Quantitative Genetics
29
Study of chromosomes and structure and function
Cytogenetics
30
Applications of Genetics
Medicine, Agriculture, Legal Uses, Genetic Counseling, Biotechnology
31
Identifying genetic diseases and using gene therapy
Medicine
32
Improving plants and animals through breeding
Agriculture
33
DNA testing for paternity or criminal identification
Legal Uses
34
Helping families understand genetic risks
Genetic Counseling
35
Using genes in technologies like recombinant DNA
Biotechnology
36
Methods of Genetic Study
Planned Experimental Breeding, Pedigree Analysis, Karyotyping, Twin studies
37
Deliberate mating to observe inheritance
Planned Experimental Breeding
38
Tracing traits through family history
Pedigree Analysis
39
Analyzing chromosomes to detect abnormalities
Karyotyping
40
Pictorial representation of the chromosome of an organism
Karyogram
41
Comparing traits in identical and fraternal twins to separate genetic vs. environmental effects
Twin Studies
42
Both possess or are free of a particular trait
Concordant
43
If only one of the pair possesses the traits
Disconcordant
44
Different DNA and reared in the same environment
Dizygotic Twin
45
Same DNA, reared in different environments.
Monozygotic
46
created the Theory of Pangenesis
Aristotle
47
This theory proposed that semen was found everywhere in a man's body.
Theory of Pangenesis
48
Theory of inheritance of acquired characteristics based in Pangenesis Theory
Jean Baptiste de Lamarck
49
First Challenged the theory of Pangenesis. Experiment on inheritance of mice tail.
August Weismamm
50
Father of Genetics; studied inheritance in pea plants.
Gregor Mendel
51
Rediscovered Mendel's laws in 1900.
Hugo De Vries, Carl Correns, and Erich Von Tsermark
52
Both described the process of meiosis, and showed that although chromosomes may look similar they have specific hereditary qualities
Theodor Boveri and William Sutton
53
Isolated "nuclein" DNA with associated proteins from cell nuclei. And was first to identify DNA as a distinct molecule
Friedrich Miescher

Human Genetics Lec 1 (1 decks)

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