genetics

Question 1

Genetics

Answer 1

is the study of heredity. Genetics involves studying how traits are passed from parents to offspring.

Question 2

Heredity

Answer 2

is the passing of traits from parents to offspring.

Question 3

Traits

Answer 3

are the characteristics of an organism. Examples are eye color, freckles, height or dimples.

Question 4

allele

Answer 4

a different form or version of a gene - alleles usually occur in pairs

Question 5

dominant

Answer 5

a gene variant that is expressed more strongly than other versions of the same gene - the dominant allele masks the effect of the recessive allele

Question 6

recessive

Answer 6

a gene that is masked by a dominant gene, and is only expressed when two copies of the gene are present

Question 7

homozygous

Answer 7

If an organism has two of the same kind of gene for a trait, it is called pure or homozygous.
Example: Homozygous brown eyes (BB) ~ Homozygous blue eyes (bb)

Question 8

heterozygous

Answer 8

An organism with two different alleles for a trait is called heterozygous or hybrid.
Example: A heterozygous tall plant (Tt) expresses the dominant allele (T or tall) and thus, is tall.

Question 9

. Extinction

Answer 9

When a species completely disappears and no longer exists.

Question 11

Variation

Answer 11

Differences in traits among individuals of the same species.

Question 12

. Mutation

Answer 12

A change in DNA that can create new traits in organisms.

Question 13

Ancestor

Answer 13

An early form of a species from which later species evolved.

Question 14

. Fossil Record

Answer 14

A collection of fossils that shows how life has changed over millions of years.