Genetics

Question 1

DNA

Answer 1

deoxyribonucleic acid - the genetic material of the cell found inside the nucleolus in the nucleus; a set of instructions which provides the cell with information necessary to perform vital life functions (such as protein synthesis and replication)

Question 2

DNA is organised into _____ on __________.

Answer 2

Genes; chromosomes

Question 3

Number of total chromosomes in a human genome

Answer 3

46

Question 4

Number of chromosome pairs

Answer 4

23

Question 5

Difference between an autosome and a gonosome

Answer 5

Autosomes are diploid (2N) and found in every somatic cell in the human body (all cells excluding sex cells for reproduction (ova and spermatozoa - these are haploid and are your gonosomes)

Question 6

what is an allele

Answer 6

An allele is a particular gene variant found at a specific location (locus) on a chromatid arm.

Question 7

1 chromosome = ______________ + __________

Answer 7

2 chromatid arms + 1 centromere

Question 8

Function of punnet square

Answer 8

A punnet square is a table of all possible genotypic and phenotypic outcomes when two fertile individuals reproduce