genetics and biotechnology Flashcards
(15 cards)
What stores an organism’s genetic information?
All plants and animals are made up of cells where the genetic material can be found in the form of genes and chromosomes (usually in the nucleus).
what is dna
it contains the genetic make up of an organism. it creates rna that create proteins
what does dna stand for
deoxyribonucleic acid
what a re chromosomes
they are found within the genetic makeup
how many chromosomes does an individual have?
23 pairs. one cell is the sex cell
how many strand does dna and rna have
they both have coding but dna has 2 and rna one
do all living organisms have the same code
no they are all uniquey
where is dna found
in the nucleus
where is the amino acids found
cytoplasm
why are rna’s formed
in other to get out of the nucleus and enter a particle name ribosomes
what are ribosomes
a protein building machine that read rna’ 3 at a time and absorb amino acids from their surroundings to add them together in a chain according to rna code to form a correctly coded protein
what do proteins do
build new cells
what is genetic engineering
a process by which the genes of an organism are change or modified to make the organism have certain characteristics
state the genetic information in dna
adenine
thymine
cytosine
guanine
what is genetic information
is passed from one parent to a child and repeated
