Genetics And Hereditary

Question 1

DNA function

Answer 1

DNA is used to direct cell proceeses. Eg code for making protein, genetic traits both structural and functional

Question 2

What is DNA composed of?

Answer 2

DNA is a double helix that is composed of nucleotides, and sugar group a phophate group and a base (which is one of 4 adenine, cytosine thyamine and guanine

Question 3

Haploid

Answer 3

One set of chromosones 23

Question 4

Diploid

Answer 4

2 sets of chromosones 46 paternal and maternal

Question 5

What’s makes up geneome

Answer 5

44 (22 pairs) autosomes

2 (1 pair) sex chromosones

Question 6

Karotype

Answer 6

A chromosne analaysis test that evauates number and structure of a person’s chromosones in order to detect abnormalities

Question 7

Cromatin (beads on a string

Answer 7

DNA + proteins spread out loosly in the nucleus

Question 8

Multiple allele

Answer 8

More than 2 types of alleles exist eg blood groups

Question 9

Sex linked inheritance

Answer 9

Each x chromosne has 2500 genes however in men the y chromosones only has 78…. Genes for recessive xlinked disorders like colour blindness or haemophilia are located only on the x chromosone therefore males don’t have a matching genes on there y chromosone therefore the recessive x traits are not masked.

Question 10

Polygenic

Answer 10

When more than one Gene determines the characteristic. Eg skin colour has 3 separately inherited genes and each has 2 types of alleles.