Genetics and Inheritance

Question 1

What is the first step of animal reproduction?

Answer 1

During sexual intercourse sperm are released into the female vagina

Question 2

What is the second step in animal reproduction?

Answer 2

Sperm swim through the cervix into the uterus and then to the oviducts

Question 3

What is the third step in animal reproduction?

Answer 3

The nucleus of the sperm fuses with the nucleus of the egg forming a zygote

Question 4

What is the fourth step in animal reproduction?

Answer 4

The zygote divides to form a ball of cells and is now called an embryo

Question 5

What is the 5th step in animal reproduction?

Answer 5

The embryo travel down the oviduct to the uterus where it implants

Question 6

What is the 6th step in animal reproduction?

Answer 6

The foetus is attached to the placenta by the umbilical cord

Question 7

What is the 7th step in animal reproduction?

Answer 7

After 40 weeks the muscular wall of the uterus contracts pushing the baby down the birth canal

Question 8

What is the 8th step in animal reproduction?

Answer 8

The baby is born head first and its umbilical cord cut

Question 9

What is contraception?

Answer 9

A way to prevent a pregnancy during sexual intercourse

Question 10

What is the natural method of contraception?

Answer 10

This depends on the woman knowing her menstrual circle and not having sex while the egg is in the oviduct

Question 11

When is the egg in the oviduct?

Answer 11

After ovulation (day 14) egg is released

Question 12

Why is the natural method not always reliable?

Answer 12

Periods may not be regular, egg may be released early or late, the couple may still end up having intercourse

Question 13

What is the chemical method for contraception?

Answer 13

It is a pill containing hormones which prevent the woman’s egg from being released.

Question 14

How is birth control taken?

Answer 14

1 pill orally once a day

Question 15

What are some side effects of birth control?

Answer 15

Weight gain, increased risk of strokes/heart attack, increased risk of blood clots, mood swings

Question 16

What does the mechanical method of contraception rely on?

Answer 16

Preventing the sperm and egg meeting

Question 17

What does a condom do?

Answer 17

This provides a complete barrier between the penis and the vagina to prevent sperm entering the woman’s body

Question 18

What is something other than pregnancy a condom can prevent?

Answer 18

STI

Question 19

What does STI stand for?

Answer 19

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Question 20

What is a diaphragm?

Answer 20

A circle of rubber inserted into the top of the vagina to prevent the sperm travelling to the oviducts

Question 21

What is the surgical method of contraception?

Answer 21

Sterilisation, a surgery to ensure they don’t have anymore children

Question 22

What is the male operation for sterilisation called?

Answer 22

A vasectomy

Question 23

What does a vasectomy involve?

Answer 23

Cutting the tubes that carry the sperm

Question 24

What happens during female sterilisation?

Answer 24

The oviducts are cut and sealed so no sperm can reach the eggs

Question 25

What is a sexually transmitted disease?

Answer 25

These are diseases passed from one person to the next during sexual intercourse.

Question 26

What are 2 examples of STIs?

Answer 26

Gonorrhoea and AIDS

Question 27

What is gonorrhoea caused by?

Answer 27

A bacteria

Question 28

What are the symptoms of gonorrhoea?

Answer 28

Burning sensation when urinating, yellow discharge from the penis or cervix, can lead to sterility

Question 29

What is gonorrhoea treated with?

Answer 29

Antibiotics

Question 30

What is AIDS caused by?

Answer 30

The virus HIV

Question 31

What does HIV stand for?

Answer 31

Human immunodeficiency viruses

Question 32

How is AIDS passed on?

Answer 32

Sexual intercourse with an affected person, use of intravenous needles from an infected person, mixing of blood.

Question 33

What is the cure for AIDS?

Answer 33

There is no cure

Question 34

What is an advantage of a contraceptive pill?

Answer 34

It is very reliable

Question 35

What is a disadvantage of a contraceptive pill?

Answer 35

Female needs to remember to take it, Lots of side affects does not prevent STIs

Question 36

What is a contraceptive implant?

Answer 36

A small tube placed under the skin of the upper arm. Releases hormones slowly over a long period of time. Prevents ovulation

Question 37

What is an advantage of a contraceptive implant?

Answer 37

Very reliable and last for up to 3 years

Question 38

What is a disadvantage of a contraceptive implant?

Answer 38

Does not protect against STIs and can prevent menstruation

Question 39

What is an advantage of condoms?

Answer 39

Easily obtained and prevents SIVs

Question 40

What is a disadvantage of condoms?

Answer 40

Unreliable if not used properly

Question 41

What is an advantage of surgical methods of contraception?

Answer 41

Virtually 100% reliable

Question 42

What is a disadvantage of the surgical method of contraception?

Answer 42

Difficult or impossible to reverse