Genetics Exam 2

Question 1

purine

Answer 1

a structural type of nitrogenous base that is double ringed, adenine and guanine

Question 2

pyrimidine

Answer 2

a structural type of nitrogenous base that is single ringed, cytosine and thymine

Question 3

how many hydrogen bonds between adenine and thymine

Answer 3

2

Question 4

how many hydrogen bonds between guanine and cytosine

Answer 4

3

Question 5

what enzyme is used to relieve supercoiling

Answer 5

topoisomerase

Question 6

what initially binds to the TATA box in eukaryotes?

Answer 6

TFIID

Question 7

in translation, the creation of peptide bonds between amino acids is catalyzed by?

Answer 7

rRNA

ribozyme is an enzyme made of nucleotides

Question 8

what are the requirements of genetic material

Answer 8

1. localized to nucleus and chromosomes
2. present in a stable form
3. complex enough to contain genetic info that directs structure, function, development and reproduction
4. able to accurately replicate itself so that daughter cells contain same info as parent cells
5. mutable

Question 9

primary structure of protein

Answer 9

linear sequence of amino acids

joined by covalent bonds

Question 10

secondary structure of protein

Answer 10

local structures formed by
nearby amino acids interacting by
hydrogen bonds
(alpha helix, beta sheet)

Question 11

tertiary structure in protein

Answer 11

final 3D shape of the protein formed by long range
interactions between amino acids
(hydrophobic hydrophilic interactions)

Question 12

quaternary structure in protein

Answer 12

several proteins or peptides work together for a function

Question 13

SSB/RPA

Answer 13

prevents reannealing of DNA

Question 14

topoisomerase

Answer 14

prevents supercoiling

Question 15

helicase

Answer 15

opens double helix

Question 16

primase

Answer 16

synthesizes RNA primers

Question 17

DNA Pol 1/Rnase H

Answer 17

Replaces RNA primers with DNA bases

Question 18

DNA Pol 3/DNA Pol Alpha

Answer 18

synthesizes DNA

Question 19

DNA ligase

Answer 19

joins DNA segments

Question 20

release factor

Answer 20

protein that recognizes stop codon

Question 21

aminoacyl tRNA synthetase

Answer 21

charges tRNA with corresponding amino acid

Question 22

Shine-dalgarno sequence

Answer 22

site on prokaryotic mRNA where ribosome binds

Question 23

peptidyl transferase

Answer 23

forms peptide bond between amino acids

Question 24

elongation factor

Answer 24

protein required to move forward one codon

Question 25

Avery Macleod McCarty

Answer 25

DNA is the genetic material

Question 26

Marshal Nirenberg

Answer 26

genetic code read in groups of 3 nucleotides

Question 27

Beadle & Tatum

Answer 27

one gene-one enzyme

Question 28

Meselson & Stahl

Answer 28

semiconservative

Question 29

Crick

Answer 29

decipher genetic code

Question 30

chromosomes

Answer 30

made up of DNA

Question 31

DNA pol

Answer 31

made up of proteins

Question 32

ribosomes

Answer 32

made up of protein and RNA

Question 33

genes

Answer 33

made up of DNA