Genetics, populations, evolution and ecosystem

Question 1

gene

Answer 1

base sequence of nucleotide bases forming a functional protein or RNA

Question 2

allele

Answer 2

different form of a gene

Question 3

genotype

Answer 3

genetic constitution of an organism describe all the alleles that an organism has

Question 4

phenotype

Answer 4

expression of genetic constitution and its interaction with the environment

Question 5

karyotype

Answer 5

arrangement of all homologous pairs of chromosomes in order

Question 6

homozygous

Answer 6

when the alleles on homologous pairs are the same

Question 7

heterozygous

Answer 7

when the alleles on homologous pairs are different

Question 8

homozygous dominant

Answer 8

two dominant alleles

Question 9

homozygous recessive

Answer 9

two recessive allele

Question 10

codominant

Answer 10

both alleles are expressed in phenotype

Question 11

ratio for heterozygous parents with monohybrid crossing

Answer 11

3:1

Question 12

why do genetic crosses not always show the same as predicted

Answer 12

fertilisation of gametes is random
may have a small population
some alleles may have a selective or disadvantage

Question 13

ratio for dihybrid parents

Answer 13

9:3:3:!