Genetics Pt 2 Flashcards
(20 cards)
Gene
Unit of heredity located in a special position (locus) on a chromosome
Allele
Alternate form of gene
Locus
Special position of chromosome
Dominant
Uppercase (masks recessive)
Recessive
Lowercase (makes by dominant)
Genotype
Is the sum of all Genes of an individual
Phenotype
Is the physical appearance (characteristic)
4 types of chromosomal mutations and genetic changes in it
Deletion, duplication, inversion, translocation
Define traits and give an example
Is the special characteristics (eye color) which coded into the several genes
Homozygous Dominant
AA
Homozygous Recessive
bb
Codominant
cc
Heterozygous
Dd
Heterocarrier
eE
Explain why some incidences of autosomal recessive disorder and higher in one race or culture
If there is inbreeding in a culture, it has a higher chance of getting recessive alleles.
Discuss the potential evolutionary advantages of having multiple alleles for a trait
To adapt to the environment
Population genetics
The study of genetic variations within a population
Biotechnology
A broad discipline in which biological processes, organisms, cells, or cellular components are used to develop new technology
Advantages and disadvantages of biotechnology and genetic engineering
Advantages: Improve nutrition Resistance to disease Reduce use of chemical Disadvantages: Environmental risks HealthRisks Economic risks
Define Evolutionary theory
The 3 which helps explain correct biodiversity of all living organisms on our planet